Who Will Own and Have Propriety over Our Automated Future? Considering Governance of Ownership to Maximize Access, Efficiency, and Equity in Cities
Who Will Own and Have Propriety over Our Automated Future? Considering Governance of Ownership to Maximize Access, Efficiency, and Equity in Cities
复制标题
谁将拥有我们自动化的未来并拥有所有权？
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
H. Campbell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Campbell
自动驾驶汽车技术为重塑城市交通提供了一个机会，以最大限度地提高可及性、效率和公平性。政策制定者的角色之一是确保自动驾驶汽车（AVs）的未来治理实现这一目标。在考虑治理问题时，目前的文献主要集中在与自动驾驶汽车的安全运行和部署相关的问题上，而没有充分考虑自动驾驶汽车所有权和拼车平台数据所有权对实现最理想的城市交通结果的影响。具体来说，文献没有考虑到：个人拥有的自动驾驶汽车在不使用时被共享的未来场景；以及未来专车平台数据保留所有权的影响。本文分析了其中的原因：未来的无人驾驶汽车所有权可能不是拥有无人驾驶汽车/不共享和共享无主车队之间的二元选择，这是目前文献中的共识；消费者同时拥有一辆无人驾驶汽车并在不使用时分享它的动机可能很高；拼车平台数据的收集、使用和共享方式可能是影响城市交通结果的一个非常重要的因素，但其影响尚未在文献中得到有力的分析；未来的场景构建和建模应该考虑到个人拥有的自动驾驶汽车广泛共享的影响，以及拼车平台数据对城市交通结果的影响。为未来对自动驾驶汽车所有权和拼车平台数据所有权的良好治理奠定基础，应该是研究人员、政策制定者和从业人员的当务之急。
Automated vehicle technology presents an opportunity to remake urban mobility in a way that maximizes access, efficiency, and equity. One of the roles for policymakers is to ensure that future governance of automated vehicles (AVs) achieves this. When considering governance, the current literature centers on issues related to the safe operation and deployment of AVs but has not fully considered the implications of AV ownership and ridesourcing platform data propriety on achieving the most desirable urban mobility outcomes. Specifically, the literature has not considered: a future scenario where individually owned AVs are shared when not in use; and the implications of ridesourcing platform data remaining proprietary in future. This paper analyzes why: the future of AV ownership may not be a binary choice between owning an AV/not sharing and sharing an unowned fleet, which is the current consensus in the literature; the incentives for consumers to simultaneously own an AV and share it when they are not using it could be high; the way ridesourcing platform data is collected, used, and shared could be a very influential factor for urban mobility outcomes, but its implications have not been robustly analyzed in the literature; and future scenario-building and modeling should consider the implications of widespread sharing of individually owned AVs, as well as the implications of ridesourcing platform data propriety on urban mobility outcomes. Developing a foundation for future good governance of AV ownership and ridesourcing platform data propriety should be an immediate priority for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners.