Encroaching forests decouple alpine butterfly population dynamics
Encroaching forests decouple alpine butterfly population dynamics
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0705511104
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发表时间：
2007-08-21
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Matter, Stephen F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Roland, Jens;Matter, Stephen F.
在过去的50年里，加拿大阿尔伯塔落基山脉jump pound Ridge沿线不断上升的林木线减少了高山草甸的面积，也减少了居住在其中的孤立种群。通过对11年来沿山脊的17个亚种群的种群规模数据的分析，我们发现森林栖息地分隔高山草甸会使高山蝴蝶种群的动态解耦。虽然种群之间的距离通常与动态的同步性呈负相关，但这里我们表明，通过森林的距离，而不是欧几里得距离，决定了同步性的程度。这种影响与先前的结果一致，表明森林的入侵减少了种群之间的扩散，减少了基因流动。解耦动力学产生了更小的独立种群，每个种群都有更大的局部灭绝风险，但在这种反复无常的环境中，解耦可能产生更低的区域灭绝风险。
Over the past 50 years, the rising tree line along Jumpingpound Ridge in the Rocky Mountains of Alberta, Canada, has reduced the area of alpine meadows and isolated populations that reside within them. By analyzing an 11-year data set of butterfly population sizes for 17 subpopulations along the ridge, we show that forest habitat separating alpine meadows decouples the dynamics of populations of the alpine butterfly Parnassius smintheus. Although the distance between populations is often negatively correlated with synchrony of dynamics, here we show that distance through forest, not Euclidean distance, determines the degree of synchrony. This effect is consistent with previous results demonstrating that encroaching forest reduces dispersal among populations and reduces gene flow. Decoupling dynamics produces more smaller independent populations, each with greater risk of local extinction, but decoupling may produce a lower risk of regional extinction in this capricious environment.