Three mechanisms of host resistance to microparasites - Avoidance, recovery and tolerance - Show different evolutionary dynamics
Three mechanisms of host resistance to microparasites - Avoidance, recovery and tolerance - Show different evolutionary dynamics
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DOI：
10.1006/jtbi.1999.1009
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发表时间：
1999-11-07
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Bowers, RG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boots, M;Bowers, RG
抗寄生虫的宿主可以避免被感染，在感染后恢复得更快，或者在感染后存活更长时间。构建了一个模型，以研究直接传播的微寄生虫和这三个不同的机制，避免，恢复和宽容的代价高昂的主机电阻的演变进行了比较。在每种情况下，多态性更可能发生在非常不同的菌株之间，而抗性（我们指的是单独的抗性菌株）总是更可能发生在具有高内在生产力的宿主中。然而，当抗性是通过降低致病性时，多态性发生的区域相对小得多。特别是，高抗性菌株的多态性需要相应的高成本。这与回避或恢复抗性相反，当高抗性与低成本相关时，也可能发生多态性，因为具有低易感性或高恢复性的高抗性菌株无法单独支持寄生虫，从而抵抗易感菌株的入侵。与此相关，通过避免和恢复的抗性有利于对致病性较低的寄生虫的反应。(C)北京：科学出版社.
Parasite resistant hosts may avoid becoming infected, recover more quickly after infection or survive longer once infected. A model is constructed to examine the evolution of costly host resistance to directly transmitted microparasites and these three distinct mechanisms of avoidance, recovery and tolerance are compared. In each case polymorphism is more likely between very dissimilar strains and resistance (by which we mean the resistant strain alone) is always more likely to occur in hosts with high intrinsic productivity. However, the region where polymorphism occurs is relatively much smaller when resistance is through reduced pathogenicity. In particular, polymorphism with highly resistant strains requires correspondingly high costs. This is in contrast to avoidance or recovery resistance, where polymorphism can also occur when high resistance is associated with small costs due to the inability of highly resistant strains with low susceptibility or high recovery to support the parasite alone and hence resist invasion by the susceptible strain. Relatedly, resistance through avoidance and recovery is favoured in response to less pathogenic parasites. (C) 1999 Academic Press.