Individual variation in aggression of feral rodent strains: A standard for the genetics of aggression and violence?
Individual variation in aggression of feral rodent strains: A standard for the genetics of aggression and violence?
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1025766415159
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发表时间：
2003-09-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Koolhaas, JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de Boer, SF;van der Vegt, BJ;Koolhaas, JM
本文总结了广泛的个体差异的攻击性和它的关系与其他几个行为，生理和神经生物学特征，存在于远交实验室品系的雄性野生大鼠。根据观察，个人水平的攻击性攻击行为（即。例如，保护家园的倾向）与他们对各种其他环境挑战的反应方式密切相关，有人认为，个体的攻击性水平是一个重要的指标，也是对环境要求的更像特质的行为生理反应模式（应对策略）的组成部分。攻击性动物的应对方式主要是针对（前）主动预防或操纵应激源，而非攻击性个体倾向于被动地接受或应对它。（前）主动和反应/被动行为应对方式显然与自主/内分泌（再）活动的不同模式和潜在的神经生物学相关因素和决定因素有关。因此，这些侵略/应对方式的个体差异可能不仅决定了个体对压力相关疾病的脆弱性，因此是物种种群动态的一个重要因素，而且还可能决定对药物治疗的反应。从动物模型的角度来看，有人认为，这种变化的侵略性极端可能，在适当的测试条件下，有一个增强的倾向，发展病理形式的侵略和/或应对，例如，反社会特征，暴力，或冲动性障碍。最后，有人提出，使用这些野生动物作为基础“材料”的遗传协会（即。例如，QTL搜索，mRNA差异表达，核酸微阵列分析）和操作（即。例如，基因沉默或通过反义ODN、siRNA和/或病毒基因转移方法的扩增）研究将最有可能是成功剖析攻击和/或应对的正常和病理形式的遗传基础的最佳选择。
This article summarizes the broad individual differences in aggressiveness and its relationship with several other behavioral, physiological, and neurobiological characteristics that exist in an outbred laboratory strain of male feral rats. Based on the observations that the individual level of offensive aggressive behavior (i. e., the tendency to defend the home territory) is strongly related to the way they react to various other environmental challenges, it is argued that the individual's level of offensiveness is an important indicator and component of a more traitlike behavioral physiological response pattern (coping strategy) to environmental demands. The coping style of aggressive animals is principally aimed at a (pro) active prevention or manipulation of a stressor, whereas the nonaggressive individuals tend to passively accept or react to it. The (pro) active and reactive/passive behavioral coping styles are clearly associated with distinct patterns of autonomic/endocrine (re) activity and underlying neurobiological correlates and determinants. Consequently, these individual differences in aggression/coping style may not only determine the individual vulnerability to stress-related disease, and hence be an important factor in the population dynamics of the species, but may also determine responsivity to pharmacotherapeutic treatments. From an animal modeling point of view, it is argued that the aggressive extremes of this variation may, under the proper testing conditions, have an enhanced propensity to develop pathological forms of aggression and/or coping, for example, antisocial traits, violence, or impulsivity disorders. Finally, it is proposed that the use of these feral animals as base "material" for genetic association (i. e., QTL search, mRNA differential expression, nucleic acid microarray analysis) and manipulation (i. e., gene silencing or amplification by antisense ODN, siRNA, and/or viral gene-transfer methodologies) studies would most likely be the best option for dissecting successfully the genetic basis of both normal and pathological forms of aggression and/or coping.