The prevalence and correlates of suicidal behaviours (ideation, plan and attempt) among adolescents in senior high schools in Ghana.
The prevalence and correlates of suicidal behaviours (ideation, plan and attempt) among adolescents in senior high schools in Ghana.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ssmph.2017.05.005
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发表时间：
2017-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Sarfo JO
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Oppong Asante K;Kugbey N;Osafo J;Quarshie EN;Sarfo JO
自杀被认为是全球青少年死亡的第三大原因。然而，关于自杀的流行率和相关因素的数据有限，特别是在加纳。为了探讨加纳与自杀相关的患病率、风险和保护因素，使用了在加纳高中青少年中收集的全国性全球校本学生健康调查数据。自杀意念、自杀计划和自杀未遂的发生率分别为18.2%、22.5%和22.2%。归根结底，即使在控制了其他变量之后，焦虑也会增加自杀行为的几率。孤独增加了自杀行为的几率，但在调整其他因素后，自杀计划的几率仍然存在。在调整其他因素后，被欺凌、身体攻击、参与肢体战斗和粮食不安全仍然是自杀行为（即意念、计划和企图）的风险因素。旷课被认为是自杀意念和计划的危险因素，但在调整其他变量后，这种影响减弱了自杀计划。增加亲密朋友的数量仍然是自杀计划和企图的危险因素，但在调整其他变量后，这种影响对自杀意念的影响减弱。在调整其他变量后，父母对青少年问题和担忧的理解仍然是所有自杀行为指数的重要保护因素。父母尊重隐私是保护自杀企图，但调整其他变量后并不显着。对高中中的高危青少年，例如那些经历不同形式的身体虐待、吸毒和使用药物以及饥饿的青少年进行早期识别和干预，有可能降低加纳这一人群的自杀率。研究表明，在校青少年自杀行为的发生率很高。焦虑、孤独、饥饿、身体虐待、欺凌和父母缺乏理解与自杀行为密切相关。预防自杀的干预措施应考虑到学校和家庭环境。
Suicide is recognised as the third leading cause of death among adolescents globally. There is however limited data on the prevalence and factors associated with suicide particularly in Ghana. To explore the prevalence and risk and protective factors associated with suicide in Ghana, a nationwide Global School-based Student Health Survey data collected among senior high school adolescents in Ghana was used. The prevalence of suicidal behaviours was 18.2%, 22.5% and 22.2% for suicidal ideation, suicidal plan and suicidal attempt respectively. In the final analysis, anxiety increases the odds of suicidal behaviour, even after controlling for other variables. Loneliness increases the odds of suicidal behaviour but after adjusting for other factors the odds remained for only suicidal plan. Being bullied, physically attacked, involved in a physical fight and food insecurity remained risk factors for suicidal behaviour (i.e. ideation, plan and attempt) after adjusting for other factors. Truancy was found as a risk factor for both suicidal ideation and plans but such effect diminished for suicidal plan after adjusting for other variables. Increasing number of close friends remained a risk factor for both suicidal plan and attempt but such effect diminished for suicidal ideation after adjusting for other variables. Parental understanding of adolescents’ problems and worries remained a significant protective factor for all the indices of suicidal behaviour after adjusting for other variables. Parental respect for privacy was protective of suicidal attempt but was not significant after adjusting for other variables. Early identification and intervention for at-risk adolescents in senior high schools, for example those experiencing different forms of physical abuse, drug and substance use and hunger can potentially reduce the prevalence of suicide among this population in Ghana. The study showed high prevalence of suicidal behaviour among school-going adolescents. Anxiety, loneliness, hunger, physical abuse, bullying and the lack of parental understanding were strongly related suicidal behaviour. Interventions for suicide prevention should take into consideration the school and family settings.