Comparing likely effectiveness of urban Nature-based Solutions worldwide: The example of riparian tree planting and water quality
Comparing likely effectiveness of urban Nature-based Solutions worldwide: The example of riparian tree planting and water quality
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比较全球城市基于自然的解决方案的可能有效性：河岸植树和水质示例
DOI：
10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119950
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发表时间：
2024
影响因子：
8.7
通讯作者：
Hutchins M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hutchins M
在一系列好处中，基于自然的解决方案(NBS)正越来越多地被倡导为改善城市地区水环境的质量。在这些措施中，一项被广泛采用的措施是植树。然而，由于城市水文响应的局部复杂性和空间变异性，很难预测水质将在多大程度上得到改善。为了克服这一障碍，描述了一种基于过程的城市河流水质模型模拟的标准化方法(Questor-YS)。该方法消除了点源污染的影响，并协调了表示河流水动力和贡献流域大小的方式。因此，它侧重于城市之间的水质差异，完全是由于气候、河流排放和城市扩散营养物质污染因素造成的。世界各地不同城市的城市水体之间对国家BS建立的相对敏感度也可能被量化。该方法可以很容易地扩展到包括废水流出物。该方法的有效性在英国伯明翰的一条小河上得到了验证，并由此在伯明翰、奥斯陆(挪威)和奥胡斯(丹麦)的10公里河岸植树中得到了验证。模型表明，在敏感的夏季条件下，种植河岸树可以显著改善每个例子城市的水质，这是水质的三个关键指标(水温、叶绿素a和溶解氧)。结果表明，固定植树量可实现的效益水平将取决于现有的河岸树木占有率水平。
Amongst a spectrum of benefits, Nature-based Solutions (NBS) are increasingly being advocated as improving the quality of aquatic environments in urban areas. Of these, a widely adopted measure is tree planting. Yet, because of the local complexities and spatial variability of urban hydrological response, it is difficult to predict to what extent improvements in water quality will arise. To overcome this barrier, a standardised approach to process-based model simulation of urban river quality is described (QUESTOR-YARDSTICK (QUESTOR-YS)). The approach eliminates the influence of point sources of pollution and harmonises the way in which river hydrodynamics and contributory catchment size are represented. Thereby, it focuses on differences in water quality between cities due solely to climate, river discharge and urban diffuse nutrient pollution factors. The relative sensitivity to NBS establishment between urban water bodies in different cities anywhere across the world can also potentially be quantified. The method can be readily extended to include wastewater effluents. The validity of the approach is demonstrated for a small river in Birmingham, UK; and thence demonstrated for the case of 10 km of riparian tree planting in Birmingham, Oslo (Norway) and Aarhus (Denmark). Modelling suggests that riparian tree planting can substantially improve water quality in each example city for three key indicators of water quality in sensitive summer conditions (water temperature, chlorophyll-a and dissolved oxygen). Results show the level of benefit achievable in response to a fixed amount of planting will depend on the existing level of riparian tree occupancy.