Engineered Remolding and Application of Bacterial Membrane Vesicles.
Engineered Remolding and Application of Bacterial Membrane Vesicles.
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细菌膜泡的工程化重塑及应用
DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2021.729369
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Zhou R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Qiao L;Rao Y;Zhu K;Rao X;Zhou R
革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌在体外和体内生长过程中都会产生细菌膜囊泡。MV是直径范围为20至400 nm的纳米级囊泡结构。MV包含细菌脂质、蛋白质和通常的核酸，并且可以有效地刺激针对细菌感染的宿主免疫应答。作为候选疫苗和药物载体，由于缺乏自我复制能力，MV具有很高的生物安全性。然而，野生型菌株的MV产量差，和MV从野生型菌株可能是有害的，由于携带有毒成分，如脂多糖，溶血素，酶等，在这篇综述中，我们总结了基因修饰的囊泡产生细菌，以减少MV毒性，增强囊泡免疫原性，并增加囊泡产量。工程化的MV在疫苗设计、疫苗递送囊泡和药物递送系统中表现出广泛的应用。
Bacterial membrane vesicles (MVs) are produced by both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria during growth in vitro and in vivo. MVs are nanoscale vesicular structures with diameters ranging from 20 to 400 nm. MVs incorporate bacterial lipids, proteins, and often nucleic acids, and can effectively stimulate host immune response against bacterial infections. As vaccine candidates and drug delivery systems, MVs possess high biosafety owing to the lack of self-replication ability. However, wild-type bacterial strains have poor MV yield, and MVs from the wild-type strains may be harmful due to the carriage of toxic components, such as lipopolysaccharides, hemolysins, enzymes, etc. In this review, we summarize the genetic modification of vesicle-producing bacteria to reduce MV toxicity, enhance vesicle immunogenicity, and increase vesicle production. The engineered MVs exhibit broad applications in vaccine designs, vaccine delivery vesicles, and drug delivery systems.