Signatures of a High Temperature QCD Transition in the Early Universe
Signatures of a High Temperature QCD Transition in the Early Universe
复制标题
早期宇宙高温 QCD 跃迁的特征
DOI：
10.1103/physrevlett.130.221002
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
8.6
通讯作者：
Fuller, George M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lu, Philip;Takhistov, Volodymyr;Fuller, George M.
QCD 的超标准模型扩展可能会导致夸克和胶子限制发生在远高于 GeV 尺度附近的温度。这些模型还可以改变 QCD 相变的顺序。因此，随着 QCD 跃迁相对论自由度的变化，原初黑洞 (PBH) 的产生增强，可能有利于质量尺度小于标准模型 QCD 视界尺度的 PBH 的产生。因此，与与标准 GeV 尺度 QCD 跃迁相关的 PBH 不同，此类 PBH 可以解释不受约束的小行星质量窗口中的所有暗物质丰度。这将 QCD 物理在广泛的未探索温度范围内的超标准模型修改与寻找 PBH 的微透镜调查联系起来。此外，我们还讨论了这些模型对引力波实验的影响。我们表明，7 TeV 左右的一阶 QCD 相变与 Subaru Hyper-Suprime Cam 候选事件一致，而 70 GeV 左右的相变与 OGLE 候选事件一致，也可以解释所声称的 NANOGrav 引力波信号。
Beyond-Standard-Model extensions of QCD could result in quark and gluon confinement occurring well above at temperature around the GeV scale. These models can also alter the order of the QCD phase transition. Therefore, the enhanced production of primordial black holes (PBHs) that can accompany the change in relativistic degrees of freedom at the QCD transition could favor the production of PBHs with mass scales smaller than the Standard Model QCD horizon scale. Consequently, and unlike PBHs associated with a standard GeV-scale QCD transition, such PBHs can account for all the dark matter abundance in the unconstrained asteroid-mass window. This links beyond-Standard-Model modifications of QCD physics over a broad range of unexplored temperature regimes (around) with microlensing surveys searching for PBHs. Additionally, we discuss implications of these models for gravitational wave experiments. We show that a first-order QCD phase transition at around 7 TeV is consistent with the Subaru Hyper-Suprime Cam candidate event, while a transition of around 70 GeV is consistent with OGLE candidate events and could also account for the claimed NANOGrav gravitational wave signal.