Education and Smoking: Confounding or Effect Modification by Phenotypic Personality Traits?
Education and Smoking: Confounding or Effect Modification by Phenotypic Personality Traits?
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DOI：
10.1007/s12160-009-9142-3
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发表时间：
2009-12-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Kawachi, Ichiro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chapman, Benjamin;Fiscella, Kevin;Kawachi, Ichiro
背景很少有人知道吸烟模式的教育梯度是否可以解释的经济措施的社会经济地位（SES）和/或personaltraits.Purpose的关系进行评估教育（1）从不吸烟和（2）戒烟是否会混淆经济措施的社会经济地位或人格;较低的神经质和较高的责任心是否与戒烟或戒烟有关;以及教育效果是否受到人格的影响。方法使用美国全国调查中中年发展的数据，2，429名个体被分类为当前（n=695）、既往（n=999）或从不吸烟（n=735）。多项逻辑回归研究questions. Results研究的问题，更大的教育是密切相关的，从来没有和以前的吸烟，没有混淆的经济状况和个性。从不吸烟者的开放性水平较低，责任心水平较高，戒烟者的神经质水平较高。教育互动加性与自觉性增加和开放性，以减少概率never smoking.Conclusions教育和个性应被认为是无混淆的吸烟风险的流行病学和临床研究。教育与吸烟的关联可能因个性倾向而异，预防和干预计划应考虑这两组因素。
Background Little is known about whether educational gradients in smoking patterns can be explained by financial measures of socioeconomic status (SES) and/or personality traits.Purpose To assess whether the relationship of education to (1) never smoking and (2) having quit smoking would be confounded by financial measures of SES or by personality; whether lower Neuroticism and higher Conscientiousness would be associated with having abstained from or quit smoking; and whether education effects were modified by personality.Method Using data from the Midlife Development in the US National Survey, 2,429 individuals were classified as current (n=695), former (n=999), or never (n=735) smokers. Multinomial logistic regressions examined study questions.Results Greater education was strongly associated with both never and former smoking, with no confounding by financial status and personality. Never smoking was associated with lower Openness and higher Conscientiousness, while have quit was associated with higher Neuroticism. Education interacted additively with Conscientiousness to increase and with Openness to decrease the probability of never smoking.Conclusions Education and personality should be considered unconfounded smoking risks in epidemiologic and clinical studies. Educational associations with smoking may vary by personality dispositions, and prevention and intervention programs should consider both sets of factors.