Estimation of pairwise relatedness with molecular markers.
Estimation of pairwise relatedness with molecular markers.
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作者：
M. Lynch;K. Ritland
数量遗传学和保护遗传学的应用通常需要测量个体之间的配对关系，在没有已知系谱结构的情况下，只能通过使用分子标记来估计。在这里，我们介绍了从随机交配群体的共显性分子标记数据中联合估计两基因和四基因关系系数的方法。在与其他已发表的成对相关性估计的比较中，我们发现这些新的“回归”估计在计算上更简单，并且产生类似或更低的抽样方差，特别是当使用多个位置或当位置是超变量时。给出了两个例子，其中新的估计器应用于自然种群，一个揭示了一年生植物的距离隔离，另一个揭示了熊的毛色多态的遗传基础。
Applications of quantitative genetics and conservation genetics often require measures of pairwise relationships between individuals, which, in the absence of known pedigree structure, can be estimated only by use of molecular markers. Here we introduce methods for the joint estimation of the two-gene and four-gene coefficients of relationship from data on codominant molecular markers in randomly mating populations. In a comparison with other published estimators of pairwise relatedness, we find these new "regression" estimators to be computationally simpler and to yield similar or lower sampling variances, particularly when many loci are used or when loci are hypervariable. Two examples are given in which the new estimators are applied to natural populations, one that reveals isolation-by-distance in an annual plant and the other that suggests a genetic basis for a coat color polymorphism in bears.