Understanding dense hydrogen at planetary conditions
Understanding dense hydrogen at planetary conditions
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DOI：
10.1038/s42254-020-0223-3
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发表时间：
2020-06
影响因子：
38.5
通讯作者：
R. Helled;G. Mazzola;R. Redmer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Helled;G. Mazzola;R. Redmer
高温高压下的材料对于行星科学和天体物理学、热重物质物理学和惯性约束聚变研究具有重大意义。行星结构模型依赖于对元素及其混合物在地球上不存在的条件下的行为的理解;同时，行星是研究极端条件下材料的天然实验室。致密氢的主题是及时的，因为最近对木星和土星引力场的精确测量，冲击实验的当前和即将取得的进展，以及高压下材料数值模拟的进展。在这篇评论中，我们讨论了行星内部建模与氢和氦的高压物理之间的联系。我们总结了确定氢和氦的状态方程和相图的关键实验和理论方法。我们将这一点与目前对木星和土星内部结构的认识联系起来，并讨论了高压物理对它们的表征的重要性。
Materials at high pressures and temperatures are of great interest for planetary science and astrophysics, warm dense-matter physics and inertial confinement fusion research. Planetary structure models rely on an understanding of the behaviour of elements and their mixtures under conditions that do not exist on Earth; at the same time, planets serve as natural laboratories for studying materials at extreme conditions. The topic of dense hydrogen is timely given the recent accurate measurements of the gravitational fields of Jupiter and Saturn, the current and upcoming progress in shock experiments, and the advances in numerical simulations of materials at high pressure. In this Review we discuss the connection between modelling planetary interiors and the high-pressure physics of hydrogen and helium. We summarize key experiments and theoretical approaches for determining the equation of state and phase diagram of hydrogen and helium. We relate this to current knowledge of the internal structures of Jupiter and Saturn, and discuss the importance of high-pressure physics to their characterization.