Application Power Characteristics Using Dynamic Frequency Scaling: Experiments and Implications
Application Power Characteristics Using Dynamic Frequency Scaling: Experiments and Implications
复制标题
使用动态频率缩放的应用功率特性：实验和启示
DOI：
10.1166/asl.2012.2101
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发表时间：
2012-03
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
蒋从锋
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
蒋从锋
不仅对于电池供电的设备（如手持智能设备），而且对于个人计算机和大规模服务器系统（如包含数千台计算机的数据中心），功耗已经成为关键问题。在这样的计算系统中，处理器消耗大量的能量，因此处理器的功率降低最终可以显著地降低整个计算系统的功率和能量消耗。与动态电压调节（DVS）相比，动态频率调节（DFS）由于其易于实现、硬件故障少、系统可靠性高等优点，更适合用于处理器功耗降低。为了开发动态频率缩放的潜力，应观察和分析应用功率特性。在本文中，我们在不同的场景下进行了各种实验，我们发现了一些有趣的结果。例如，常规的动态频率缩放由实现中的处理器利用率触发。然而，在某些情况下，如I/O密集型应用程序和Web服务器，功耗与处理器利用率不成比例，甚至保持近似不变。我们还得出了一些动态频率缩放在真实的场景的影响。
Power consumption has become a critical problem for not only battery powered devices like hand held intelligent devices, but also personal computers and large scale server systems like date centers containing thousands of computers. In such computing systems, processors consume large amount of energy thus power reduction of processors can eventually reduce the power and energy consumption of the whole computing system significantly. Compared to Dynamic Voltage Scaling (DVS), Dynamic Frequency Scaling (DFS) is more preferred to be utilized for processor power reduction because of its easy implementation, less hardware failures and higher system reliability. In order to exploit the potential of dynamic frequency scaling, application power characteristics should be observed and analyzed. In this paper we conducted various experiments under different scenarios and we find some interesting results. For example, conventional dynamic frequency scaling is triggered by the processor utilization in implementation. However, in some scenarios such as I/O intensive applications and web servers, the power consumption is not proportional to the processor utilization and even keeps approximately unchanged. We also derived some implications for dynamic frequency scaling in real scenarios.