Recommended Design and Direction of Development for Humanoid Nursing Robots Perspective from Nursing Researchers
Recommended Design and Direction of Development for Humanoid Nursing Robots Perspective from Nursing Researchers
复制标题
护理研究者视角下的人形护理机器人推荐设计及发展方向
DOI：
10.4236/ica.2017.82008
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hirokazu Ito
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Tanioka;K. Osaka;R. Locsin;Yuko Yasuhara;Hirokazu Ito
本文的目的是描述建议的设计和发展方向的人形护理机器人（HNRs）从护理实践的研究者的立场。日本等发达国家已经开始在护理实践中引入机器人技术，并将其用于老年人和高科技医疗环境。公司正在开发各种类型的机器人，尽管它们的类型和功能仍然需要明确的识别和定义。无论如何，用于医疗保健目的的机器人开发进展顺利，以满足普遍的技术需求。虽然人类关怀是一种人与人的关系，但在HNR的非人与人的关系中，必须考虑伦理问题和人类安全。如果HNR要直接支持病人，就必须要求他们具有与人类护士相同的综合判断能力和反应能力。这包括真正观察，判断，快速反应和进行强调个性的人类关怀实践的能力。如果HNR独立地支持患者，除了适当的智力和技能之外，还需要他们具有与人类相似的能力。一个低级别的机器人护士从事的工作应该被称为非护理或作为医疗援助助理，无论谁认为这些技术可以做什么。同样，具有更高水平人工智能的更高水平HNR预计将超过人类的能力。因此，目前的讨论和辩论还包括这样的关注，即HNR现在可能成为一个人的上级，或者更确切地说，HNR是一个下属，从而需要人类管理。
The purpose of this article is to describe recommendations towards the design and direction of development for Humanoid Nursing Robots (HNRs) from the standpoint of researchers of nursing care practice. Efforts to introduce robot technologies in nursing practice and to use them in elderly and high-tech healthcare environments have begun in developed countries like Japan. Companies are developing various types of robots, although their types and functionalities continue to require a clear identification and definition. Regardless, robot developments for health care purposes are progressing well to meet universal technological demands. While human caring has been a human-to-human relationship, in a nonhuman-to-human relationship in the case of HNRs, it is essential to consider ethical concerns and human safety. If HNRs are to support patients directly, they must be required to have the same level of comprehensive judgment ability and responsiveness as that of human nurses. This includes abilities to genuinely observe, judge, rapidly respond, and conduct human caring practice emphasizing individuality. If HNRs support patients independently, abilities which are much like those of humans will be required of them in addition to the appropriate intelligence and skillfulness to do so. A low level robot nurse exerts work that should be called non-nursing or as a medical aid assistant no matter who thinks and what these technologies can do. Similarly, a higher level HNR with higher level artificial intelligence is expected to exceed the capabilities of human beings. As such, current discourse and debate also include the concern that HNRs may now become one’s superior or rather that the HNR is a subordinate thereby requiring human management.
DOI：
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
Alzheimer's care today
影响因子：
--
作者：
R. Logsdon;S. McCurry;L. Teri
通讯作者：
R. Logsdon;S. McCurry;L. Teri