Comparative rumen morphology of sympatric sika deer (Cervus nippon) and red deer (C. elaphus scoticus) in the Ahimanawa and Kaweka Ranges, central North Island, New Zealand
Comparative rumen morphology of sympatric sika deer (Cervus nippon) and red deer (C. elaphus scoticus) in the Ahimanawa and Kaweka Ranges, central North Island, New Zealand
复制标题
新西兰北岛中部阿希马纳瓦和卡韦卡山脉同域梅花鹿 (Cervus nippon) 和马鹿 (C. elaphus scoticus) 瘤胃形态的比较
DOI：
10.1007/bf00328541
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
K. Fraser
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Fraser
18只西卡鹿（Cervus nippon）和14只红鹿（C.苏格兰象）从这两个密切相关的物种同域分布的两个地区取样。记录总体重、胴体重、年龄、性别和内部参数（例如肝脏重量、肾脏重量、瘤胃体积）。从背侧瘤胃壁、瘤胃心房、尾腹盲囊和腹侧瘤胃壁采集的瘤胃壁粘膜样品用于比较两个物种之间的瘤胃形态（以及任何区域、性别和年龄效应）。西卡鹿有显着较低的乳头密度在三个瘤胃壁网站和显着较小的乳头比红鹿在两个网站。表面扩大因子（SEFs）的计算提供了两个物种的瘤胃内的有效吸收表面的比较。西卡鹿的平均SEF（4.76）显著低于红鹿（6.77），这表明对消化纤维饲料的适应程度更大。在新西兰北岛中部，在过去的世纪里，由于引入食草动物，栖息地发生了相当大的变化，食物资源枯竭，这种适应将使西卡相对于红鹿具有竞争优势。据推测，这种饮食相关的差异在很大程度上解释了红鹿正在进行的替代西卡鹿，这两个物种是同域的。
Eighteen sika deer (Cervus nippon) and 14 red deer (C. elaphus scoticus) were sampled from two areas where these closely related species are sympatric. Total body weight, carcass weight, age class, sex, and internal parameters (e.g. liver weight, kidney weight, rumen volume) were recorded. Samples of rumen wall mucosa taken from the dorsal rumen wall, atrium ruminis, caudoventral blindsac, and ventral rumen wall were used to compare rumen morphology between the two species (and also any area, sex, and age effects). Sika deer had significantly lower papilla densities in three of the four rumen wall sites and significantly smaller papillae than red deer in two of the four sites. Surface enlargement factors (SEFs) were calculated to provide comparisons of the effective absorptive surface within the rumens of the two species. The mean SEF for sika deer (4.76) was significantly less that for red deer (6.77), which suggests a greater degree of adaptation to digesting fibrous forage. In the central North Island, New Zealand, where the habitat has been considerably modified by introduced herbivores over the last century and food resources are depleted, such an adaptation would confer a competitive advantage on sika deer over red deer. It is postulated that this diet-related difference largely accounts for the ongoing replacement of red deer by sika deer where these two species are sympatric.