Mediterranean diet and depression: a population-based cohort study.
Mediterranean diet and depression: a population-based cohort study.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12966-021-01227-3
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发表时间：
2021-11-27
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影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Sandin S
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文献类型：
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作者：
Yin W;Löf M;Chen R;Hultman CM;Fang F;Sandin S
抑郁症造成巨大的公共卫生负担，表明迫切需要识别可改变的风险因素。只有少数队列研究分析了地中海饮食模式（MDP）与抑郁症之间的关联，但结果好坏参半。我们在基于人群的大型数据集中研究了 MDP 对临床确定的抑郁症的影响。 1991/92 年，我们对 49,261 名 29-49 岁的瑞典女性进行了随机抽样，收集了关于饮食的详细信息，使用食物频率调查问卷，以及潜在的混杂因素（体重、身高、教育程度、吸烟、既往糖尿病和高血压以及体力活动）。计算了对 MDP 的遵守情况。临床抑郁症摘自国家患者登记册。研究参与者的随访时间截至 2012 年。在平均 20.4 年的随访期间，诊断出 1677 例抑郁症病例。我们观察到，与低（0-3）依从性相比，中等（得分 4-5）和高（6-9）遵守 MDP 的抑郁风险较低（中：风险比 (HR) = 0.90，95% 置信区间 (CI) = 0.81-1.00；高：HR = 0.82， 95%CI = 0.71-0.94）。依从性每增加一个单位，抑郁症的风险就会降低5%（HR = 0.95，95%CI = 0.92-0.98）。当限制为严重抑郁症时，这种关联变得更强（HR = 0.51，95%CI = 0.33-0.76）。与 50 岁之前相比，从 50 岁起，第一个和第二个 10 年随访期间的 HR 均较高，表明与年龄增长的相关性更强。经过广泛的敏感性分析后，结果仍然存在。瑞典女性中年时坚持地中海饮食的程度越高，晚年患抑郁症的风险就越低。在线版本包含可在 10.1186/s12966-021-01227-3 获取的补充材料。
Depression imposes immense public health burden, demonstrating an urgent need of the identification of modifiable risk factors. Only a few cohort studies have analyzed the association between Mediterranean dietary pattern (MDP) and depression but with mixed results. We examined the impact of MDP on clinically ascertained depression in a large population-based dataset. In 1991/92, detailed information on diet, using a food frequency questionnaire, and potential confounding factors (body weight, height, educational attainment, smoking, previous diabetes and hypertension, and physical activity) was collected, in a random sample of 49,261 Swedish women aged 29-49. Adherence to MDP was calculated. Clinical depression was extracted from the National Patient Register. Study participants were followed up through 2012. During an average follow-up of 20.4 years, 1677 incident cases of depression were diagnosed. We observed a lower risk of depression for medium (score 4-5) and high (6-9) adherence to MDP, compared with low (0-3) adherence (Medium: hazard ratio (HR) = 0.90, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.81-1.00; High: HR = 0.82, 95%CI = 0.71-0.94). Per unit increase of adherence, the risk of depression was reduced by 5% (HR = 0.95, 95%CI = 0.92-0.98). The association became stronger when restricting to severe form of depression (HR = 0.51, 95%CI = 0.33-0.76). The HRs were higher from age 50 onward both over the first and the second 10-year follow-up period, compared with before age 50, indicating stronger association with increasing age. Results remained after extensive sensitivity analyses. Higher adherence to a Mediterranean diet at middle age was associated with a lower risk of depression later in life among Swedish women. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12966-021-01227-3.