Predation risk influences feeding rates but competition structures space use for a common Pacific parrotfish
Predation risk influences feeding rates but competition structures space use for a common Pacific parrotfish
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DOI：
10.1007/s00442-017-3857-9
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发表时间：
2017-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Caselle, J. E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davis, Kathryn;Carlson, P. M.;Caselle, J. E.
在陆地系统中，众所周知，草食动物放牧的空间格局可以影响初级生产者群落的结构。在珊瑚礁上，食草动物对底栖生物群落结构的不同空间利用的后果还没有很好地理解，也不是自下而上（资源丰度和质量），水平（竞争）和自上而下（捕食风险）的相对影响因素在影响空间觅食行为的移动的食草鱼类。在目前的研究中，我们量化的鹦嘴鱼，绿尾鱼，在一个强大的梯度的食物资源和捕食者和竞争对手的丰度在两个岛屿的空间使用和喂养率有显着不同的渔业管理计划。我们发现的证据表明，虽然这个物种的摄食率的直接干扰竞争和慢性捕食风险的影响，空间的使用似乎主要是与周围的草食动物社区的剥削竞争。我们没有发现任何证据表明捕食风险影响白天觅食空间的使用，在这个小身体的鹦嘴鱼物种。此外，我们发现，慢性捕食风险对这个物种的摄食率的影响是戏剧性的比最近的研究，使用模型捕食者来衡量其他物种的草食性鱼类的急性行为反应的结果。我们的研究结果表明，非消耗性的影响，捕食者的觅食行为的珊瑚礁食草动物可能比以前认为的戏剧性。
In terrestrial systems it is well known that the spatial patterns of grazing by herbivores can influence the structure of primary producer communities. On coral reefs, the consequences of varied space use by herbivores on benthic community structure are not well understood, nor are the relative influences of bottom-up (resource abundance and quality), horizontal (competition), and top-down (predation risk) factors in affecting spatial foraging behaviors of mobile herbivorous fishes. In the current study we quantified space use and feeding rates of the parrotfish, Chlorurus spilurus, across a strong gradient of food resources and predator and competitor abundance across two islands with drastically different fisheries management schemes. We found evidence that while feeding rates of this species are affected by direct interference competition and chronic predation risk, space use appears to be primarily related to exploitative competition with the surrounding herbivore community. We found no evidence that predation risk influences diurnal foraging space use in this small bodied parrotfish species. Additionally, we found the influence of chronic predation risk on feeding rates of this species to be less dramatic than the results of recent studies that used model predators to measure acute behavioral responses of other species of herbivorous fishes. Our results indicate that the non-consumptive effects of predators on the foraging behaviors of coral reef herbivores may be less dramatic than previously thought.