Multi‐analytical Studies of the Lime Mortars from the Yanxi Hall in the Yangxin Palace of the Palace Museum (Beijing)
Multi‐analytical Studies of the Lime Mortars from the Yanxi Hall in the Yangxin Palace of the Palace Museum (Beijing)
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DOI：
10.1111/arcm.12421
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发表时间：
2018-10
期刊：
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
L. Xu;X. Ma;B. Zhang;Q. Zhang;P. Zhao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Xu;X. Ma;B. Zhang;Q. Zhang;P. Zhao
几个世纪以来，故宫的建筑代表了中国建筑的最高标准。故宫养心宫由18座砖石建筑组成，由砖、木、瓦和各种砂浆建造而成。2016年，一项为期五年的项目启动，对养心宫建筑进行维护和修复。为了获得有关砂浆的原材料和建筑技术的信息，以及以前可能的修复历史，建筑材料的特性变得至关重要。本文收集了12种不同的样品，代表了三种砂浆基材料，即墙砖之间的接缝砂浆，表面抹灰以及屋顶上使用的砂浆，用于分析养心宫延禧殿。对砂浆的组成、粒度分布、有机添加剂和纤维添加剂进行了分析，并对砂浆密度和吸水率进行了测试。在一些样品中发现了淀粉、蛋白质和植物纤维。在屋顶大部分砂浆中检测到水镁石、莫来石和钙矾石，可能来自于在修复原料中添加的炉渣。分析结果将为养心宫建筑的维护和修复提供重要参考。
For centuries, the architecture of the Palace Museum represented the highest standard of Chinese architecture. The Yangxin Palace of the Palace Museum consisted of 18 masonry buildings built using bricks, wood, roof tiles and various mortars. In 2016, a five‐year project was initiated to work on the maintenance and restoration of the Yangxin Palace buildings. The characterization of the construction materials has become of primary importance, in order to obtain information about the raw ingredients and building technology of the mortars, and the history of possible previous restorations. In this paper, 12 different samples representing three types of mortar‐based materials—namely, jointing mortars between the bricks on the wall, and surface plasters as well as mortars used on the roof—were collected for analysis from the Yanxi Hall of the Yangxin Palace. Analysis into the composition, grain‐size distribution, organic and fibre additives and testing of the mortar density and water absorption were performed. Starch, protein and plant fibres were identified in some of the samples. Brucite, mullite and ettringite were detected within most mortars on the roof, possibly originating from the furnace slag added into the raw materials for restoration purposes. The analytical results will serve as a critical reference for the maintenance and restoration of the buildings in the Yangxin Palace.