Isolating spatiotemporally local mixed Rossby-gravity waves using multi-dimensional ensemble empirical mode decomposition

Isolating spatiotemporally local mixed Rossby-gravity waves using multi-dimensional ensemble empirical mode decomposition
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使用多维系综经验模态分解分离时空局域混合罗斯贝重力波

DOI:
10.1007/s00382-019-05066-8
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Wu, Zhaohua
Wu, Zhaohua
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sun, Jie;Wu, Zhaohua

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热带波在对流系统内和附近具有相对较大的振幅,由于大气的耗散性质,当它们传播远离它们产生的区域时会衰减。传统上,非局部分析方法,如基于傅立叶变换的方法,被应用于识别热带波。然而,这些方法有可能导致当地波数和当地波活动的空间位置的错误识别。为了解决这个问题,我们提出了一种新的方法来分析热带波,特别是把重点放在赤道混合Rossby重力(MRG)波。新的热带波分析方法是基于多维集合经验模式分解和一种新的频谱表示的基础上的时空局部波数,频率和振幅的波。我们首先将这种新方法应用于合成数据,以展示该方法在揭示MRG波特征方面的优势。我们进一步将该方法应用于再分析数据,以(1)逐个事件识别和隔离时空异质MRG波,以及(2)在波数-频率-能量图中量化这些波的空间不均匀性。在此基础上,揭示了MRG波时空不均匀性的气候学特征,并在波数-频率域上进行了总结:印度洋在8-12天周期范围内以MRG波为主,西太平洋在3-6天和8-12天周期范围内MRG波能量分布基本相等;热带东太平洋和热带大西洋以MRG波为主,周期为3-6天。纬向波数主要集中在4-15波段,印度洋有较大比例的高波数(较小波长分量)MRG波。
Tropical waves have relatively large amplitudes in and near convective systems, attenuating as they propagate away from the area where they are generated due to the dissipative nature of the atmosphere. Traditionally, nonlocal analysis methods, such as those based on the Fourier transform, are applied to identify tropical waves. However, these methods have the potential to lead to the misidentification of local wavenumbers and spatial locations of local wave activities. To address this problem, we propose a new method for analyzing tropical waves, with particular focus placed on equatorial mixed Rossby-gravity (MRG) waves. The new tropical wave analysis method is based on the multi-dimensional ensemble empirical mode decomposition and a novel spectral representation based on spatiotemporally local wavenumber, frequency, and amplitude of waves. We first apply this new method to synthetic data to demonstrate the advantages of the method in revealing characteristics of MRG waves. We further apply the method to reanalysis data (1) to identify and isolate the spatiotemporally heterogeneous MRG waves event by event, and (2) to quantify the spatial inhomogeneity of these waves in a wavenumber-frequency-energy diagram. In this way, we reveal the climatology of spatiotemporal inhomogeneity of MRG waves and summarize it in wavenumber-frequency domain: The Indian Ocean is dominated by MRG waves in the period range of 8–12 days; the western Pacific Ocean consists of almost equal energy distribution of MRG waves in the period ranges of 3–6 and 8–12 days, respectively; and the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean and the tropical Atlantic Ocean are dominated by MRG waves in the period range of 3–6 days. The zonal wavenumbers mostly fall within the band of 4–15, with Indian Ocean has larger portion of higher wavenumber (smaller wavelength components) MRG waves.
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