Arousal-Induced Modulation of Memory Storage Processes in Humans
Arousal-Induced Modulation of Memory Storage Processes in Humans
复制标题
人类记忆存储过程的唤醒诱导调节
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
1996
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
R. A. Jensen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Nielson;R. Radtke;R. A. Jensen
我们最近在人类受试者中证明，肌肉紧张诱导的唤醒可以增强后期的保持能力，这种作用被β-肾上腺素能受体拮抗剂减弱。在该研究中，每个受试者通过用最大力量挤压手部测力计30秒来建立肌肉张力的基线。这可能有助于“启动”随后由肌肉紧张产生的唤醒。进行了两个实验来解决这个问题。在每个实验开始时，年轻的成年受试者被要求以最大的努力挤压手部测力计30 s（Prime）或仅1 s（No prime）。然后，在任务过程中，通过让每个受试者施加适度的张力（基线最大值的25%至50%）来诱导唤醒。在第一个实验中，受试者会看到四个连续的20个高度可成像的名词列表，对每个名词进行立即回忆测试，然后在实验结束时进行全面的回忆和识别测试。中度唤醒诱导一次为每个列表（在编码，巩固，或检索）或根本没有一个列表。唤醒诱导的顺序是平衡的。延迟回忆的显着增强被认为是在30-s组的那些列表中，唤醒诱导巩固或检索期间，在1-s组没有显着的影响。这些结果表明，唤醒可以调节记忆巩固后不久诱导学习和初始启动事件可能会影响后续类似的唤醒事件的反应。在第二个实验中，受试者阅读段落，其中一些段落包含突出显示的单词（工作记忆任务）;一半的受试者被给予30-s程序，一半的受试者被给予1-s程序。只有30多岁组的受试者表现出显著的唤醒诱导增强延迟识别突出显示的单词。同样，在启动期间仅挤压手部测力计1 s的组中，未观察到对保持性能的显著影响。脉搏数据表明，30岁组的心率反应性可能更大。这些研究结果表明，记忆调制唤醒可能引发，或增强，由相关的初步唤醒事件。
We recently demonstrated in human subjects that muscle-tension-induced arousal can enhance later retention performance and that this effect is attenuated by beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists. In that study, each subject established a baseline for muscle tension by squeezing a hand dynamometer for 30 s with maximum force. This may have served to "prime" subsequent arousal produced by muscle tension. Two experiments were performed to address this issue. At the beginning of each experiment, young adult subjects were asked to squeeze the hand dynamometer at maximum effort either for 30 s (Prime) or for only 1 s (No prime). Then, during the task, arousal was induced by having each subject exert a moderate amount of tension (25 to 50% of baseline maximum). In the first experiment, subjects were shown four consecutive lists of 20 highly imageable nouns, given immediate recall tests of each, and then given a comprehensive recall and recognition test at the conclusion of the experiment. Moderate arousal was induced once for each list (at encoding, consolidation, or retrieval) or not at all for one list. The sequence of arousal induction was counterbalanced. Significant enhancement of delayed recall was seen in the 30-s group for those lists in which arousal was induced during the consolidation or retrieval period with no significant effects in the 1-s group. These results demonstrate that arousal can modulate memory consolidation when induced shortly after learning and that an initial priming event may affect the response to subsequent similar arousing events. In the second experiment, subjects read paragraphs, some of which contained highlighted words (working memory task); half of the subjects were given the 30-s procedure and half the 1-s procedure. Only those subjects in the 30-s group showed significant arousal-induced enhancement of delayed recognition of the highlighted words. Again, no significant effect on retention performance was seen in the group that squeezed the hand dynamometer for only 1 s during the priming period. Pulse data suggested that there may be somewhat greater heart-rate reactivity in the 30-s group. These findings suggest that memory modulation by arousal may be primed, or enhanced, by a relevant preliminary arousal event.