Moral Contagion Attitudes towards Potential Organ Transplants in British and Japanese Adults
Moral Contagion Attitudes towards Potential Organ Transplants in British and Japanese Adults
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DOI：
10.1163/156853711x591251
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
0.4
通讯作者：
B. Hood;N. Gjersoe;Katy E Donnelly;A. Byers;S. Itakura
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. Hood;N. Gjersoe;Katy E Donnelly;A. Byers;S. Itakura
在两项研究中，我们调查了人们是否有证据表明与假想的器官移植有关的道德污染的影响。这是通过让参与者在提供关于捐赠者的正面或负面背景信息后做出判断来实现的。在第一项研究中，积极/消极的背景信息对三种判断有相应的影响，与好的信息和对照相比，消极的背景信息对心脏移植的态度最明显。在第二项研究中，心脏和肝脏移植都重复了这一效应。在与消极偏见一致的所有条件下，消极影响都强于积极影响，但就器官而言，负面影响再次强于对照。这些结果证实了调查的结果，这些调查显示，真实的患者担心器官移植后的道德污染，并表明即使在假设的、不危及生命的情况下，这种偏见也是明显的。在第三项研究中，我们发现，与英国参与者相比，日语参与者的道德传染效应明显更强，这表明对道德传染的担忧可能会受到文化的缓和。
In two studies we investigated whether people evidence an effect of moral contamination with respect to hypothetical organ transplants. This was achieved by asking participants to make judgements after presenting either positive or negative background information about the donor. In the first study, positive/negative background information had a corresponding effect on three judgements with attitudes to a heart transplant most pronounced by negative background information relative to good information and controls. This effect was replicated in the second study with both heart and liver transplantation. Negative effects were stronger than positive effects in all conditions consistent with a negativity bias, but again stronger with regards to organs than controls. These results confirm findings from surveys that reveal real patients are concerned about moral contamination following organ transplantation and show that this bias in evident even in hypothetical, non-life-threatening scenarios. In a third study we found a significantly stronger moral contagion effect in Japanese relative to English participants, suggesting that concerns about moral contagion may be moderated by culture.