The contribution of aestivating mosquitoes to the persistence of Anopheles gambiae in the Sahel
The contribution of aestivating mosquitoes to the persistence of Anopheles gambiae in the Sahel
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DOI：
10.1186/1475-2875-10-151
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发表时间：
2011-06-06
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Lehmann, Tovi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Adamou, Abdoulaye;Dao, Adama;Lehmann, Tovi
背景资料：在没有地表沃茨的漫长旱季（4-8个月），非洲按蚊的持续存在仍然是医学昆虫学的一个持久的谜团。最近的研究表明，夏眠（夏季滞育）是非洲疟疾蚊子冈比亚按蚊在萨赫勒地区持续存在的一种机制。然而，从遥远的地方迁移-在那里繁殖继续全年也可能involved.Methods：为了评估夏眠成年人的贡献，在随后的雨季人口的积累，两个村庄进行每周除虫菊喷雾在整个旱季进行了比较，与附近的两个村庄，这只是监测。如果夏眠成虫是随后的雨季种群的主要来源，那么在处理村随后的雨季密度将低于对照村。此外，由于实际上只有M-形式An。冈比亚发现在旱季，减少应该是特定的M型，而没有这样的差异，预计为S型安。冈比亚按蚊或阿拉伯按蚊。另一方面，如果第一场雨到达的移民是主要来源，那么在所有的An成员中，治疗村和对照村之间预计没有差异。冈比亚复合体。结果：处理村M型的雨季密度比对照村低30%（P < 10（-4），排列检验），而S型和An型的雨季密度差异不显著。arabiensis.Conclusions:这些结果支持了这样的假设：M型主要通过夏眠在干旱的萨赫勒地区持续存在，而S型和An。阿拉伯种依赖于从遥远的地方迁移。疟疾控制的影响进行了讨论。
Background: Persistence of African anophelines throughout the long dry season (4-8 months) when no surface waters are available remains one of the enduring mysteries of medical entomology. Recent studies demonstrated that aestivation (summer diapause) is one mechanism that allows the African malaria mosquito, Anopheles gambiae, to persist in the Sahel. However, migration from distant localities - where reproduction continues year-round might also be involved.Methods: To assess the contribution of aestivating adults to the buildup of populations in the subsequent wet season, two villages subjected to weekly pyrethrum sprays throughout the dry season were compared with two nearby villages, which were only monitored. If aestivating adults are the main source of the subsequent wet-season population, then the subsequent wet-season density in the treated villages will be lower than in the control villages. Moreover, since virtually only M-form An. gambiae are found during the dry season, the reduction should be specific to the M form, whereas no such difference is predicted for S-form An. gambiae or Anopheles arabiensis. On the other hand, if migrants arriving with the first rain are the main source, no differences between treated and control villages are expected across all members of the An. gambiae complex.Results: The wet-season density of the M form in treated villages was 30% lower than that in the control (P < 10(-4), permutation test), whereas no significant differences were detected in the S form or An. arabiensis.Conclusions: These results support the hypothesis that the M form persist in the arid Sahel primarily by aestivation, whereas the S form and An. arabiensis rely on migration from distant locations. Implications for malaria control are discussed.