Toward a new history and geography of human genes informed by ancient DNA.
Toward a new history and geography of human genes informed by ancient DNA.
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以古代 DNA 为基础，研究人类基因的新历史和地理。
DOI：
10.1016/j.tig.2014.07.007
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Reich,David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Pickrell,JosephK;Reich,David
遗传信息包含了人类历史的记录，而技术的进步改变了我们获取这些记录的能力。许多研究使用了当今人口的全基因组数据来了解全球人口以及随后对当地条件的适应。这项研究隐含的假设是，今天人们的地理位置可以提供关于他们祖先在遥远过去的地理位置的信息。然而，现在很清楚的是，在最初的走出非洲扩张之后的长期迁移、混合和人口更替已经改变了世界上大多数人口的遗传结构。鉴于此，我们认为是时候批判性地重新评估当前的全球人口模型，以及自然选择在确定表型地理分布中的重要性。我们特别强调古代DNA的转化潜力。通过获取生活在考古学上已知的时间和地点的人口的基因组成，古代DNA使直接追踪迁徙和对自然选择的反应成为可能。
Genetic information contains a record of the history of our species, and technological advances have transformed our ability to access this record. Many studies have used genome-wide data from populations today to learn about the peopling of the globe and subsequent adaptation to local conditions. Implicit in this research is the assumption that the geographic locations of people today are informative about the geographic locations of their ancestors in the distant past. However, it is now clear that long-range migration, admixture, and population replacement subsequent to the initial out-of-Africa expansion have altered the genetic structure of most of the world's human populations. In light of this we argue that it is time to critically reevaluate current models of the peopling of the globe, as well as the importance of natural selection in determining the geographic distribution of phenotypes. We specifically highlight the transformative potential of ancient DNA. By accessing the genetic make-up of populations living at archaeologically known times and places, ancient DNA makes it possible to directly track migrations and responses to natural selection.