The potential antimalarial efficacy of hemocompatible silver nanoparticles from Artemisia species against P.falciparum parasite
The potential antimalarial efficacy of hemocompatible silver nanoparticles from Artemisia species against P.falciparum parasite
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0238532
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发表时间：
2020-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Pantaleo, Antonella
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Avitabile, Elisabetta;Senes, Nina;Pantaleo, Antonella
疟疾是最常见的传染病之一，已成为全球性的公共卫生问题。抗疟疾的经典药物包括奎宁类药物，如氯喹和青蒿琥酯，青蒿素的衍生物，青蒿素是一种在植物青蒿中发现的分子。这种疗法非常有效，但显示出严重的副作用，如耐药性。在这项研究中，“绿色”银纳米颗粒（AgNPs）已从两种青蒿（A.abrotanumandA.arborescens），传统上用于民间医学作为不同条件的补救措施，并已评估其潜在的抗疟疗效。采用紫外-可见光谱、动态光散射和zeta电位、红外光谱、X射线衍射、透射电镜和能谱等手段对AgNPs进行了表征。结构表征表明纳米颗粒的球形形状和尺寸在50 nm以下，可用于生物医学研究。Zeta电位分析表明，绿色AgNP在水介质中稳定且分散，没有聚集。银纳米粒子的血液相容性和抗疟活性已在恶性疟原虫体外培养实验中进行了研究。抗疟原虫的效果已经使用增加剂量的AgNP（0.6至7.5 μ g/mL）对寄生的红细胞（pRBC）进行了评估。获得的数据显示，AgNP的血液相容性与其合成途径有关，并取决于给药剂量A. abrotanum-AgNP（1）对pRBC显示出最低的溶血活性百分比，强调了其血液相容性。这些结果与A.abrotanum-AgNPs（1）处理后观察到的寄生虫血症水平低于A.arborescens-AgNPs（2）和源自经典化学合成的AgNPs（3）一致。此外，在24和48小时的A.abrotanum-AgNPs（1）处理后，寄生虫的生长被锁定在环阶段，证明了这些纳米颗粒阻碍恶性疟原虫成熟的效果。已证实，在pRBC上，漠曲霉-AgNPs（1）的抗疟疾活性高于树状曲霉-AgNPs（2）。
Malaria represents one of the most common infectious diseases which becoming an impellent public health problem worldwide. Antimalarial classical medications include quinine-based drugs, like chloroquine, and artesunate, a derivative of artemisinin, a molecule found in the plantArtemisia annua. Such therapeutics are very effective but show heavy side effects like drug resistance. In this study, "green" silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been prepared from twoArtemisiaspecies (A.abrotanumandA.arborescens), traditionally used in folk medicine as a remedy for different conditions, and their potential antimalarial efficacy have been assessed. AgNPs have been characterized by UV-Vis, dynamic light scattering and zeta potential, FTIR, XRD, TEM and EDX. The structural characterization has demonstrated the spheroidal shape of nanoparticles and dimensions under 50 nm, useful for biomedical studies. Zeta potential analysis have shown the stability and dispersion of green AgNPs in aqueous medium without aggregation. AgNPs hemocompatibility and antimalarial activity have been studied inPlasmodium falciparumcultures inin vitroexperiments. The antiplasmodial effect has been assessed using increasing doses of AgNPs (0.6 to 7.5 mu g/mL) on parasitized red blood cells (pRBCs). Obtained data showed that the hemocompatibility of AgNPs is related to their synthetic route and depends on the administered dose.A.abrotanum-AgNPs (1) have shown the lowest percentage of hemolytic activity on pRBCs, underlining their hemocompatibility. These results are in accordance with the lower levels of parasitemia observed afterA.abrotanum-AgNPs (1) treatment respect toA.arborescens-AgNPs (2), and AgNPs (3) derived from a classical chemical synthesis. Moreover, after 24 and 48 hours ofA.abrotanum-AgNPs (1) treatment, the parasite growth was locked in the ring stage, evidencing the effect of these nanoparticles to hinder the maturation ofP.falciparum. The anti-malarial activity ofA.abrotanum-AgNPs (1) on pRBCs was demonstrated to be higher than that ofA.arborescens-AgNPs (2).