Slum clearance, privatization and residualization: the practices and politics of council housing in mid-twentieth-century England.
Slum clearance, privatization and residualization: the practices and politics of council housing in mid-twentieth-century England.
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贫民窟清理、私有化和残余化：二十世纪中叶英国议会住房的实践和政治。
DOI：
10.1093/tcbh/hwq025
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Jones B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jones B
本文认为议会住房的剩余化和私有化都需要适当地历史化，从而为越来越多的关于工人阶级郊区化的文献做出了贡献。这项针对布莱顿区住房政策的案例研究表明，早在 1980 年代的“购买权”立法之前，1950 年代至 1970 年代的议会房屋销售对于战间时期房地产的剩余化发挥了重要作用。对过度富裕租户的担忧也可以追溯到两次世界大战期间，尽管直到 1950 年代末，当地保守党才试图通过限制收入和鼓励议会房屋销售来将富裕的议会租户推为业主占领。文章显示，长期以来，贫民窟清理一直是地方议会提供市政住房的核心，除了第一次和第二次世界大战后的两个短暂时期外，议会住房主要被视为控制政策实施的人的剩余保有权。它进一步表明，20 年代至 1960 年代之间的贫民窟清理改变了议会住房的社会选区，并与选择性私有化、具体分配政策和撤资相结合，导致了某些战间时期庄园的污名化。文章建议，需要进一步的案例研究，以检验这些论点在二十世纪中叶的更广泛适用性。
This article contributes to a growing literature on working-class suburbanization by arguing that both the residualization and privatization of council housing need to be properly historicized. This case study of housing policy in the borough of Brighton demonstrates that council house sales between the 1950s and 1970s were important in the residualization of inter-war estates well before the ‘right to buy’ legislation of the 1980s. Concerns about excessively affluent tenants can also be traced to the inter-war period, although it was not until the late 1950s that local Conservatives sought to push affluent council tenants into owner occupation via capping incomes and encouraging council house sales. The article shows that slum clearance had long been central to the local council’s provision of municipal housing and that apart from two short periods following the First and Second World Wars, council housing was conceived of primarily as a residual tenure by those in control of policy implementation. It further demonstrates that slum clearance between the 1920s and 1960s altered the social constituency for council housing and, combined with selective privatization, specific allocation policies and disinvestment, led to the stigmatization of certain inter-war estates. The article suggests that further case studies are needed in order to test the wider applicability of these arguments during the middle years of the twentieth century.