High-efficiency gene targeting in hexaploid wheat using DNA replicons and CRISPR/Cas9.

High-efficiency gene targeting in hexaploid wheat using DNA replicons and CRISPR/Cas9.
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DOI:
10.1111/tpj.13446
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发表时间:
2017-03
期刊:
The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Voytas DF
Voytas DF
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gil-Humanes J;Wang Y;Liang Z;Shan Q;Ozuna CV;Sánchez-León S;Baltes NJ;Starker C;Barro F;Gao C;Voytas DF

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通过基因打靶(GT)编辑植物基因组的能力需要有效的方法来将序列特异性核酸酶(SSN)和修复模板递送到植物细胞。这通常使用农杆菌T-DNA、基因枪或通过将核酸酶编码盒和修复模板稳定整合到植物基因组中来实现。在双子叶植物中,如烟草(Nicotinana tabacum)和番茄(Solanum lycopersicum),使用基于DNA病毒的复制子已经实现了GT频率的大于10倍的增强。这些复制子在植物细胞中瞬时扩增到高拷贝数,以提供丰富的SSN和修复模板,从而实现靶向基因修饰。在目前的工作中,我们开发了一个基于复制子的系统,用于禾谷类作物的基因组工程,使用的是小麦矮缩病毒(WDV)的解构版本。在小麦细胞中,相对于非复制对照,复制子实现报告基因表达的110倍增加。此外,携带CRISPR/Cas9核酸酶和修复模板的复制子以比非病毒递送方法高12倍的频率在内源性泛素基因座处实现GT。使用强启动子来表达Cas9对于获得这些高GT频率是至关重要的。我们还证明了通过同源重组(HR)在六倍体小麦基因组的所有三个同源等位基因(A、B和D)中的基因靶向整合,并且我们表明,使用WDV复制子,可以以约1%的频率实现同一小麦细胞内的多重GT。总之,使用基于WDV的DNA复制子的高频率GT将使得可以编辑复杂的谷物基因组而不需要将GT试剂整合到基因组中。
The ability to edit plant genomes through gene targeting (GT) requires efficient methods to deliver both sequence-specific nucleases (SSNs) and repair templates to plant cells. This is typically achieved using Agrobacterium T-DNA, biolistics or by stably integrating nuclease-encoding cassettes and repair templates into the plant genome. In dicotyledonous plants, such as Nicotinana tabacum (tobacco) and Solanum lycopersicum (tomato), greater than 10-fold enhancements in GT frequencies have been achieved using DNA virus-based replicons. These replicons transiently amplify to high copy numbers in plant cells to deliver abundant SSNs and repair templates to achieve targeted gene modification. In the present work, we developed a replicon-based system for genome engineering of cereal crops using a deconstructed version of the wheat dwarf virus (WDV). In wheat cells, the replicons achieve a 110-fold increase in expression of a reporter gene relative to non-replicating controls. Furthermore, replicons carrying CRISPR/Cas9 nucleases and repair templates achieved GT at an endogenous ubiquitin locus at frequencies 12-fold greater than non-viral delivery methods. The use of a strong promoter to express Cas9 was critical to attain these high GT frequencies. We also demonstrate gene-targeted integration by homologous recombination (HR) in all three of the homoeoalleles (A, B and D) of the hexaploid wheat genome, and we show that with the WDV replicons, multiplexed GT within the same wheat cell can be achieved at frequencies of ~1%. In conclusion, high frequencies of GT using WDV-based DNA replicons will make it possible to edit complex cereal genomes without the need to integrate GT reagents into the genome.
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