EXTENSIVE ELONGATION OF AXONS FROM RAT-BRAIN INTO PERIPHERAL-NERVE GRAFTS
EXTENSIVE ELONGATION OF AXONS FROM RAT-BRAIN INTO PERIPHERAL-NERVE GRAFTS
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/296150a0
复制
发表时间：
1982-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
AGUAYO, AJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BENFEY, M;AGUAYO, AJ
成年哺乳动物受损的中枢神经系统（CNS）中轴突伸长的失败极大地限制了与位于几毫米以外的靶组织建立连接。一些机制包括一些神经细胞的原发性无能，以支持再生轴突生长，附近神经元上的突触过早形成1，胶质瘢痕形成造成的阻塞2，3和微环境的其他影响4 - 7被认为是导致神经纤维在中枢神经系统（CNS）中不能像在外周神经系统（PNS）中那样有效再生的原因。支持的假设，条件在神经胶质环境中的损伤纤维有一个成功的轴突伸长的决定性作用，最近来自研究使用移植含有中枢神经胶质细胞或周围神经节段作为轴突生长的管道7，8。虽然CNS神经胶质移植物已被证明可以防止PNS神经元的生长7 -9，但使用标记技术追踪生长到PNS移植物中的轴突来源的实验提供了证据，表明当CNS神经胶质环境被外周神经环境取代时，成年大鼠脊髓和延髓中神经细胞的突起长度可能增加1厘米或更多10，11。在这里，我们报告的第一次广泛延长轴突从神经元在成年大鼠的大脑中，通过PNS移植引入大脑半球。
The failure of axons to elongate in the injured central nervous system (CNS) of adult mammals restricts drastically the establishment of connections with target tissues situated more than a few millimetres away. Mechanisms that include a primary inability of some nerve cells to support renewed axonal growth, a premature formation of synapses on nearby neurones1, an obstruction caused by the formation of a glial scar2,3and other influences of the microenvironment4–7are presumed to contribute to the failure of nerve fibres to regenerate as effectively in the CNS as in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Support for the hypothesis that conditions in the glial environment of injured fibres have a decisive role in successful axonal elongation has recently come from studies using transplants containing either central glia or peripheral nerve segments as conduits of axon growth7,8. While CNS glial grafts have been shown to prevent growth of PNS fibres7–9, experiments which used labelling techniques to trace the source of axons growing into PNS grafts provided evidence that processes from nerve cells in the spinal cord and medulla oblongata of adult rats may increase in length by 1 or more centimetres when the CNS glial environment is replaced by that of peripheral nerves10,11. Here we report for the first time the extensive elongation of axons from neurones in the brain of adult rats through PNS grafts introduced into the cerebral hemispheres.