What influences self-perception of health in the elderly? The role of objective health condition, subjective well-being and sense of coherence
What influences self-perception of health in the elderly? The role of objective health condition, subjective well-being and sense of coherence
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DOI：
10.1016/j.archger.2004.03.005
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发表时间：
2004-11-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Heuft, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schneider, G;Driesch, G;Heuft, G
该研究探讨了客观健康相关变量如何干扰心理健康和人格因素，以解释老年人对健康的自我认知。五年后，我们再次联系了1994年至1997年间曾检查过的一家内科医院的261名60岁及以上的患者。一百六十四名患者因死亡、痴呆或严重身体疾病而无法纳入本次调查。在符合第二次调查资格的 97 名患者中，74 人同意参加。通过心理测量量表和诊断访谈对他们进行了广泛的调查。本调查样本在年龄和健康相关变量方面存在正选择效应。健康的主观评价与记录主观幸福感（生活满意度、焦虑和抑郁）的自我评价量表以及一致性感高度相关，但与客观健康相关变量的相关性不大。向后回归导致三个保留变量“主观身体不适”、“连贯感”和“自我评价抑郁症”的调整后的 R-2 = 0.33，这使得主观健康的方差澄清与包含所有变量的模型相同。由于老年人在综合医院就诊的患者中占大多数，主观健康状况和主观身体不适影响就诊频率和医疗保健利用，因此这是会诊联络精神科和卫生政策的重要问题。 (C) 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. 保留所有权利。
The study examines in what way objective health-related variables interfere with psychic health and personality factors in explaining self-perception of health in the elderly. Two hundred and sixty-one patients aged 60 and older of an internal medicine hospital previously examined between 1994 and 1997 were once more contacted five years later. One hundred and sixty-four patients could not be included in the present investigation because of death, dementia, or severe physical illness. Of the 97 patients eligible for this second investigation, 74 agreed to participate. They were investigated extensively by means of psychometric scales and diagnostic interviews. A positive selection effect could be found for the sample of the present investigation with regard to age and health-related variables. Subjective evaluation of health correlated highly with the self-evaluation scales that recorded subjective well-being (life satisfaction, anxiety, and depression), and with the sense of coherence, but not substantially with objective health-related variables. A backward regression resulted in a adjusted R-2 = 0.33 for the three retained variables "subjective physical complaints", "sense of coherence" and "self-evaluated depression" which rendered the same variance clarification of subjective health as did the model including all variables. Since the elderly represent the majority of patients treated in general hospitals and as subjective health and subjective physical complaints influence frequency of medical consultations and health care utilization, this is an important issue for consultation-liaison-psychiatry and health policy. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.