Atmospheric convective plumes emanating from leads: 2. Microphysical and radiative processes
Atmospheric convective plumes emanating from leads: 2. Microphysical and radiative processes
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铅发出的大气对流羽流：2. 微物理和辐射过程
DOI：
10.1029/94jc02655
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发表时间：
1995
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Curry
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Pinto;J. Curry
一个一维的，二阶湍流模式与散装云微物理和详细的辐射传输是用来模拟的热内边界层（TIBL）的发展以上的宽，开放的铅的演变。最初基于表面的混合相云在TIBL内产生。云最初充满整个TIBL，但后来升高到表面以上，其顶部与TIBL的顶部重合。模式导出的云冰和云液态水的混合比超过了0.06 g kg−1，在TIBL的顶部附近有一个第二大值。此外，沉淀的冰粒或雪填充TIBL，最大雪混合比约为0.05 g kg−1。辐射通量辐散导致云顶强烈的冷却（导致云水混合比在该层出现局部极大值）和近地面的变暖。在基线情况下，铅引起的云使地表接收到的下行长波辐照度增加了70 W m−2（使地表辐射冷却减少了40%以上）。该值对假定的粒子大小和云粒子浓度非常敏感。铅诱导的云的垂直结构和成分强烈依赖于雪的生产率和云水分配。
A one-dimensional, second-order turbulence model with bulk cloud microphysics and detailed radiative transfer is used to simulate the evolution of a thermal internal boundary layer (TIBL) which develops above a wide, open lead. A mixed-phase cloud, originally based at the surface, is produced within the TIBL. The cloud initially fills the entire TIBL but is later elevated above the surface with its top coincident with the top of the TIBL. Model-derived cloud ice and cloud liquid water mixing ratios exceed 0.06 g kg−1 directly above the open lead, with a secondary maximum near the top of the TIBL. In addition, precipitating ice particles or snow fills the TIBL with a maximum snow mixing ratio of about 0.05 g kg−1. Radiative flux divergence results in strong cooling at cloud top (which contributes to the local maxima in cloud water mixing ratio at this level) and warming near the surface. The lead-induced cloud increases the downwelling long-wave irradiance received at the surface by up to 70 W m−2 (reducing the surface radiative cooling by over 40%) during the baseline case. This value is quite sensitive to the assumed particle size and cloud particle concentration. The vertical structure and composition of the lead-induced cloud is shown to strongly depend on the rate of snow production and the cloud water partitioning.