Gene dosage--limiting role of Aire in thymic expression, clonal deletion, and organ-specific autoimmunity.

Gene dosage--limiting role of Aire in thymic expression, clonal deletion, and organ-specific autoimmunity.
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基因剂量 - AIR在胸腺表达,克隆缺失和器官特异性自身免疫性中的限制作用。

DOI:
10.1084/jem.20040581
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发表时间:
2004-10-18
影响因子:
15.3
通讯作者:
Goodnow, CC
Goodnow, CC
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Liston, A;Gray, DHD;Lesage, S;Fletcher, AL;Wilson, J;Webster, KE;Scott, HS;Boyd, RL;Peltonen, L;Goodnow, CC

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自身免疫调节因子(Aire)基因的失活导致一种罕见的隐性疾病,即自身免疫性多内分泌综合征1(APS 1),但目前尚不清楚Aire依赖性耐受机制是否对被认为是更常见的自身免疫性疾病基础的数量遗传变化敏感。在具有靶向突变的小鼠中,Aire的完全丧失废除了胸腺上皮中胰岛素启动子转基因的表达,但对胰岛或睾丸没有影响。一个Aire拷贝的缺失减少了内源性胰岛素基因和转基因的胸腺表达,导致T细胞受体转基因小鼠中逃避胸腺缺失的胰岛反应性CD 4 T细胞增加300%,并显著增加了糖尿病的进展。胸腺缺失诱导的甲状腺球蛋白启动子控制下的抗原被废除在Aire纯合子和杂合子效率较低,提供了一个解释甲状腺自身免疫在APS 1。相反,Aire缺乏对胸腺缺失由系统性H-2K启动子控制的抗原没有影响。Aire依赖性胸腺缺失对功能小幅度降低的敏感性使得该途径成为更微妙的自身免疫数量性状位点的主要候选者,并表明增加Aire活性的方法将是降低器官特异性自身免疫发生率的有效策略。
Inactivation of the autoimmune regulator (Aire) gene causes a rare recessive disorder, autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome 1 (APS1), but it is not known if Aire-dependent tolerance mechanisms are susceptible to the quantitative genetic changes thought to underlie more common autoimmune diseases. In mice with a targeted mutation, complete loss of Aire abolished expression of an insulin promoter transgene in thymic epithelium, but had no effect in pancreatic islets or the testes. Loss of one copy of Aire diminished thymic expression of the endogenous insulin gene and the transgene, resulting in a 300% increase in islet-reactive CD4 T cells escaping thymic deletion in T cell receptor transgenic mice, and dramatically increased progression to diabetes. Thymic deletion induced by antigen under control of the thyroglobulin promoter was abolished in Aire homozygotes and less efficient in heterozygotes, providing an explanation for thyroid autoimmunity in APS1. In contrast, Aire deficiency had no effect on thymic deletion to antigen controlled by a systemic H-2K promoter. The sensitivity of Aire-dependent thymic deletion to small reductions in function makes this pathway a prime candidate for more subtle autoimmune quantitative trait loci, and suggests that methods to increase Aire activity would be a potent strategy to lower the incidence of organ-specific autoimmunity.
DOI: 10.1084/jem.186.12.2005
发表时间: 1997-12-15
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影响因子: --
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