Antimicrobial Use and Resistance in Africa
Antimicrobial Use and Resistance in Africa
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DOI：
10.1007/978-0-387-89370-9_17
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Ojo, Kayode K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Okeke, Iruka N.;Ojo, Kayode K.
抗菌素耐药性在非洲高负担传染病中变得越来越重要。对负担得起的抗疟药和抗菌素的耐药性恶化了患者的预后，增加了卫生保健费用，并成为有效卫生保健的障碍。本章概述了非洲几种传染病的情况，并讨论了缓解因素，特别是抗菌素使用的选择性压力。为预防和治疗实际或假想感染而过度使用抗菌素、不受管制的抗菌素销售以及糟糕的抗菌素质量保证可能是造成这一问题的重要因素，因为它们为耐药菌株的出现和传播提供了选择性压力。除了解决这些问题外，遏制耐药菌株和改善诊断基础设施也是控制耐药性的必要干预措施。
Antimicrobial resistance is becoming increasingly important in high-burden infectious diseases in Africa. Resistance to affordable antimalarials and antibacterials has worsened patient prognosis, increased health-care costs, and is a barrier to effective health care. This chapter outlines the African situation for a few infectious diseases and discusses mitigating factors, particularly selective pressure from antimicrobial use. Overuse of antimicrobials for prevention and treatment of real or supposed infections, unregulated antimicrobial sales as well as poor antimicrobial quality assurance may be important contributors to the problem by providing selective pressure for the emergence and spread of resistant strains. In addition to addressing these problems, containment of resistant strains and improvement of diagnostic infrastructure are necessary interventions for resistance control.