Safeguarding Underwater Cultural Heritage in the Pacific: report on good practice in the protection and management of World War II-related underwater cultural heritage
Safeguarding Underwater Cultural Heritage in the Pacific: report on good practice in the protection and management of World War II-related underwater cultural heritage
复制标题
保护太平洋水下文化遗产：保护和管理与二战相关的水下文化遗产的良好实践报告
DOI：
10.1111/1095-9270.12315
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
0.5
通讯作者：
G. Schwarz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Schwarz
我们急切地等待着第13届国际航海考古学会会刊的出版，它仍然是航海考古领域的主要国际活动，每三年举行一次。这本书终于以《船舶与海洋景观》为题出版了，我们没有失望。这是迄今为止出版的所有ISBSA会议记录中最实质性的。除了两个主题演讲外，还有来自四大洲24个不同国家的128位贡献者的不少于86篇通讯。2012年在阿姆斯特丹举行的ISBSA 13为“海洋景观”的概念提供了一个重要的位置，这被选为会议的主题。Christer Westerdahl和Jerzy Gawronski的两个主题演讲介绍了这个主题：第一个是通过处理船舶与其环境之间的辩证关系，第二个是从海洋文化的角度处理16世纪和17世纪阿姆斯特丹的发展问题。第一部分和主要部分由27篇通信组成，从时间和地理的不同角度论述“海洋景观”。正如乔纳森·亚当斯（Jonathan Adams）在他关于中世纪欧洲造船业变化的环境和社会因素的论文序言中指出的那样，考虑“海洋景观”的概念，在其背景下理解船舶，是一种不可否认的扩展学科，朝着更强地融入海洋考古学。其他论文讨论了地区的特殊性，从阿拉斯加（E. Anichtchenko）、摩洛哥（A. Trakadas）或苏德海（A. van Holk），到东亚（J. Kimura）、地中海（M. Harpster），甚至内陆水域（E. Rieth； L. Kröger； R. Reinders）。有些更偏向技术性和方法论（T. Jones， N. Nayling， P. Tanner； K. Løseth； Y. van Popta）。而其他人则在特定的背景下讨论沉船（T. Maarleveld； B. Mozejko， W. Ossowski； E. Veyrat）。全书还有七个传统章节。其中第二部名为“区域水上工艺品”，是关于来自西印度洋的huri (L. Blue， J. Whitewright和JP Cooper)，西班牙平底船（JM mats Luque），葡萄牙的moliceiros （M. Pilon）和爱尔兰本土工艺品（D. Tully）。第三章和第四章讨论了不同时期船舶从概念到建造的基本实现问题。第一部分，“设计”，涉及两个威尼斯主题，造船论文Libro de Navigar （M. Bondioli）和威尼斯Quinquereme （J. Eliav）的划船系统。它还解决了在骨骼优先结构中使用模具的问题（M. Nicolardi， F. Castro），并根据船舶的结构设计进行维修（E. Rodriguez-Alvarez）。第二部分，“建筑与类型学”，涉及广泛的主题。一些有趣的地中海沉船，从罗马时代开始，在奥斯蒂亚（意大利罗马）附近的Isola Sacra发现了新的沉船残骸，包括一个新的horeia型的例子（G. Boetto, a . Ghelli和P. Germonni），在西Giraglia（法国科西嘉岛），它最终为dolia船的建造提供了重要的证据（F. Cibecchini， S. Marler和C. de Juan），或者Cavanella Adige（意大利威尼托）的平底船(F。Tiboni)，直到拜占庭时期的yenikapyi 20（伊斯坦布尔，土耳其）的残骸(T。居尔)。其他的则是关于北欧世界的尼达姆号（R. Bockius）的残骸，或者公元12世纪德国石勒苏益格（Schleswig, Germany）的丹麦商船(A。最后是中世纪和现代世界的乌得勒支船（A. van de Moortel），以及15世纪在不莱梅（德国）的沉船……
We were eagerly awaiting the publication of the Proceedings of ISBSA 13, which remains the main international event in the field of nautical archaeology, held every three years. The book has finally appeared under the title Ships and Maritime Landscapes and we are not disappointed. This is the most substantial of all the ISBSA proceedings published so far. In addition to the two keynote addresses, there are no fewer than 86 communications from a total of 128 contributors from 24 different countries on four continents. Held in Amsterdam in 2012, ISBSA 13 has given a major place to the concept of ‘Maritime Landscapes’, which was chosen as the main theme of the meeting. The two keynote addresses, by Christer Westerdahl and Jerzy Gawronski, introduced this theme: the first by tackling the dialectical relationship between the ship and its environment, the second by dealing with the issue of the development of Amsterdam in the 16th and 17th centuries from the point of view of maritime culture. The first and main section consists of 27 communications which address ‘Maritime Landscapes’ from various viewpoints, both chronological and geographical. As Jonathan Adams points out in the preface to his paper on the environmental and societal factors relating to changes in medieval European shipbuilding, consideration of the concept of ‘Maritime Landscape’, understanding the ship in its context, is an undeniable widening of the discipline towards a stronger integration into maritime archaeology. Other papers discuss regional particularities, from Alaska (E. Anichtchenko), Morocco (A. Trakadas) or Zuiderzee (A. van Holk), via East Asia (J. Kimura), the Mediterranean (M. Harpster) or even inland waters (E. Rieth; L. Kröger; R. Reinders). Some are more technical and methodological (T. Jones, N. Nayling, P. Tanner; K. Løseth; Y. van Popta). While others discuss wrecks within their particular context (T. Maarleveld; B. Mozejko, W. Ossowski; E. Veyrat). Seven more traditional chapters complete the book. The second of these, entitled ‘Regional Watercraft’, is about the huri from the Western Indian Ocean (L. Blue, J. Whitewright and JP Cooper), Spanish flat-bottom boats (JM Matés Luque), the moliceiros of Portugal (M. Pilon) and Irish vernacular craft (D. Tully). The third and fourth chapters concern the fundamental problem of the realization of ships, from their conception to their construction, at different times. The first,‘Design’, deals with two Venetian subjects, the shipbuilding treatise Libro de Navigar (M. Bondioli) and the rowing system of the Venetian Quinquereme (J. Eliav). It also addresses the use of moulds in skeleton-first construction (M. Nicolardi, F. Castro), and repairs according to the structural design of the vessel (E. Rodriguez-Alvarez). The second,‘Construction and Typology’, deals with a wide range of subjects. Some interesting Mediterranean ones, from the Roman era with the new discoveries of shipwrecks at Isola Sacra near Ostia (Rome, Italy), including a new example of the horeia type (G. Boetto, A. Ghelli and P. Germonni), at West Giraglia (Corsica, France) which finally brings significant evidence for the construction of dolia ships (F. Cibecchini, S. Marler and C. de Juan), or the flat-bottomed boat of Cavanella Adige (Veneto, Italy)(F. Tiboni), up to the Byzantine period with the wreck of Yenikapı 20 (Istanbul, Turkey)(T. Güler). The others concern the Nordic world with the wrecks of Nydam (R. Bockius) or the great Danish merchant ship of the 12th-century AD of Karschau (Schleswig, Germany)(A. Englert), and finally the medieval and modern world with the ship of Utrech (A. van de Moortel), and the 15th-century wreck at Bremen (Germany) with …