Environmental and geographical factors contributing to watershed contamination with Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts
Environmental and geographical factors contributing to watershed contamination with Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts
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DOI：
10.1006/enrs.1999.4022
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发表时间：
2000-03-01
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
Patz, JA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Graczyk, TK;Evans, BM;Patz, JA
隐孢子虫是一种水生寄生虫，感染牛和产生危及生命的人畜共患病的免疫系统受损。100年的洪泛区边界，土地利用/覆盖，畜牧业经营的数字地图被用来选择和表征牛场的洪泛区在兰开斯特县，宾夕法尼亚州，美国超过21%的牛场位于100年的洪泛区边界。平均而言，一个农场有12.8公顷的牧场（包括建筑物和农家庭院）面临被淹没的风险。在所有的农场里，牛都可以不受限制地进入小溪。从封闭的小牛圈，奶牛/小母牛庭院径流，和牛的路径通过小溪收集的粪便样品进行了测试C。小的在64%的农场（n = 50）中，至少有一个样本为C阳性。在所有粪便样品中，44%的农场有卵囊。浓度范围为90 ~ 371个卵囊/g，显著高于对照组（P
Cryptosporidium parvum is a waterborne parasite which infects cattle and produces life-threatening zoonosis in people with impaired immune systems. Digital maps of 100-year floodplain boundaries, land use/cover, and livestock operations were used to select and characterize cattle farms in the floodplain area in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. Over 21% of the cattle farms were located within 100-year floodplain boundaries. On average, a single farm comprised 12.8 ha of pasture (including buildings and farmyard) at risk of inundation. In all farms cattle had unlimited access to the creek. Manure samples collected from closed-in calf pens, cow/heifer yard runoff, and cattle paths through the creek were tested for C. parvum. On 64% of the farms (n = 50) at least one sample was positive for C. parvum, and 44% of the farms had oocysts in all manure samples. Concentration varied from 90 to 371 oocysts/g and was significantly higher (P