Stability and Charging Characteristics of the Comma Head Region of Continental Winter Cyclones
Stability and Charging Characteristics of the Comma Head Region of Continental Winter Cyclones
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DOI：
10.1175/jas-d-13-0253.1
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发表时间：
2013-09
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
R. Rauber;J. Wegman;David M. Plummer;Andrew A. Rosenow;M. L. Peterson;G. McFarquhar;Brian F. Jewett;D. Leon;P. Market;K. Knupp;Jason M Keeler;Steven M. Battaglia
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文献类型：
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作者：
R. Rauber;J. Wegman;David M. Plummer;Andrew A. Rosenow;M. L. Peterson;G. McFarquhar;Brian F. Jewett;D. Leon;P. Market;K. Knupp;Jason M Keeler;Steven M. Battaglia
本文分析了两个大陆冬季气旋逗号头部对流的细尺度结构，并用16风暴气候学分析了逗号头部闪电的分布。给出了一个深层气旋的个例，说明了与干燥槽有关的对流层高空干空气如何侵入潮湿的墨西哥湾空气，在逗号头部产生了两个降水区：一个是北部以深层层状云为特征的云层，顶部是发电单体，另一个是南部以对流升高为标志的区域。闪电发生时，源自上升的对流。最后给出了第二个截断低压的个例研究，以考察闪电和冬季对流之间的关系。两次风暴的对流单体内上升气流接近6-8m S−1，单体环境中对流有效势能达到约50-250J kg−1。对流上升气流区域的雷达测量显示，对流上升气流的频谱增强。
AbstractThis paper presents analyses of the finescale structure of convection in the comma head of two continental winter cyclones and a 16-storm climatology analyzing the distribution of lightning within the comma head. A case study of a deep cyclone is presented illustrating how upper-tropospheric dry air associated with the dry slot can intrude over moist Gulf air, creating two zones of precipitation within the comma head: a northern zone characterized by deep stratiform clouds topped by generating cells and a southern zone marked by elevated convection. Lightning, when it occurred, originated from the elevated convection. A second case study of a cutoff low is presented to examine the relationship between lightning flashes and wintertime convection. Updrafts within convective cells in both storms approached 6–8 m s−1, and convective available potential energy in the cell environment reached approximately 50–250 J kg−1. Radar measurements obtained in convective updraft regions showed enhanced spectral ...