Writing in the granular gel medium.
Writing in the granular gel medium.
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DOI：
10.1126/sciadv.1500655
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发表时间：
2015-09
期刊：
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Angelini TE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bhattacharjee T;Zehnder SM;Rowe KG;Jain S;Nixon RM;Sawyer WG;Angelini TE
颗粒凝胶中可逆的流固转变使得能够以微观细节三维书写柔软、精致的宏观结构。由柔软的微尺度颗粒制成的凝胶在流体和固体状态之间平滑过渡，使其成为一种理想的介质，在其中创建具有微观精度的宏观结构。当用注射尖端描绘出空间路径时，颗粒状凝胶在注射点处流化，然后迅速固化，将注射的材料捕获在适当位置。这种创建三维（3D）结构的物理方法消除了表面张力，重力和粒子扩散的影响，允许写入无限宽的材料。通过这种方法，我们使用有机硅，水凝胶，胶体和活细胞来创建复杂的大纵横比3D对象，薄封闭壳和分层分支管状网络。我们交联聚合物材料并将其从颗粒凝胶中除去，而未交联的颗粒系统则长时间保持在介质中。这种方法可以立即用于不同的领域，有助于组织工程，柔性电子，粒子工程，智能材料和封装技术。
The reversible fluid-solid transition in granular gels enables the three-dimensional writing of soft, delicate, macroscopic structures with microscopic detail. Gels made from soft microscale particles smoothly transition between the fluid and solid states, making them an ideal medium in which to create macroscopic structures with microscopic precision. While tracing out spatial paths with an injection tip, the granular gel fluidizes at the point of injection and then rapidly solidifies, trapping injected material in place. This physical approach to creating three-dimensional (3D) structures negates the effects of surface tension, gravity, and particle diffusion, allowing a limitless breadth of materials to be written. With this method, we used silicones, hydrogels, colloids, and living cells to create complex large aspect ratio 3D objects, thin closed shells, and hierarchically branched tubular networks. We crosslinked polymeric materials and removed them from the granular gel, whereas uncrosslinked particulate systems were left supported within the medium for long times. This approach can be immediately used in diverse areas, contributing to tissue engineering, flexible electronics, particle engineering, smart materials, and encapsulation technologies.