A Mini-Review of the Contribution of Benthic Microalgae to the Ecology of the Continental Shelf in the South Atlantic Bight

A Mini-Review of the Contribution of Benthic Microalgae to the Ecology of the Continental Shelf in the South Atlantic Bight
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底栖微藻对南大西洋湾大陆架生态贡献的小回顾

DOI:
10.1007/s12237-018-0401-z
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
2.7
通讯作者:
Pinckney, James L.
Pinckney, James L.
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Pinckney, James L.

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底栖微藻(BMA)栖息在陆架沉积物的上层几厘米处。本文综述了美国东南部大陆架南大西洋湾(SAB)地区BMA群落的最新研究进展,以期深入了解这些群落在大陆架水域的滋养动力学和生物地球化学循环中的潜在作用。在SAB区域,底栖生物的辐照度通常是地表辐照度的2-6%,提供了足够的光来支持超过80-90%大陆架宽度的BMA初级生产。从面积上看,BMA生物量大大超过上覆水柱浮游植物生物量总和。与大多数温带大陆架相比,南大陆架的BMA生物量似乎较低,但产量较高。在5-20和bbb20深度层段,年平均产量分别为101和89克立方厘米。然而,速率和生物量在时间和空间上的巨大变化使研究之间的比较变得困难。海底地下水排放(SGD)可能是BMA的主要“新”氮源,而不是水柱或有机质的原位氮再生。SGD估计的N供应(1.2 mmol N m−2day−1)非常接近SAB沉积物中支持BMA初级生产(3.1至1.6 mmol N m−2day−1)所需的速率。确定支持BMA群落的固定氮的来源,对于了解SAB大陆架大面积(76,000 km2)以及全球其他温带大陆架内的碳动态和净生态系统代谢至关重要。
Benthic microalgae (BMA) inhabit the upper few centimeters of shelf sediments. This review summarizes the current information on BMA communities in the South Atlantic Bight (SAB) region of the Southeastern US continental shelf to provide insights into the potential role of these communities in the trophodynamics and biogeochemical cycling in shelf waters. Benthic irradiance is generally 2–6% of surface irradiance in the SAB region, providing sufficient light to support BMA primary production over 80–90% of the shelf width. BMA biomass greatly exceeds that of integrated phytoplankton biomass in the overlying water column on an areal basis. The SAB appears to have lower BMA biomass, but higher production than most temperate continental shelves. Annual production estimates average 101 and 89 g C m−2year−1for 5–20 and > 20 depth intervals, respectively. However, high variation in rates and biomass in time and space make comparisons between studies difficult. Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) rather than the water column or in situ N regeneration from organic matter maybe the major “new” N source for BMA. The estimated supply of N (1.2 mmol N m−2day−1) by SGD closely approximates the rates needed to support BMA primary production (3.1 to 1.6 mmol N m−2day−1) in the sediments of the SAB. Identifying the source(s) of fixed N supporting the BMA community is essential for understanding the carbon dynamics and net ecosystem metabolism within the large area (76,000 km2) of the continental shelf in the SAB as well other temperate shelves worldwide.
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