Dynamics of Rigid and Semirigid Rodlike Polymers
Dynamics of Rigid and Semirigid Rodlike Polymers
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev.pc.43.100192.002521
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发表时间：
1992
影响因子：
14.7
通讯作者：
M. Tracy;R. Pecora
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Tracy;R. Pecora
溶液中的大分子表现出各种复杂的平移、旋转和弯曲运动。测量与这种运动相关的驰豫时间常数对于表征分子以及预测和理解它们在溶液和本体中的宏观行为是很重要的。此外，这样的系统为液体的基本统计力学理论提供了一个试验场，这些液体在多个时间尺度范围内表现出松弛行为(复杂液体)。大多数关于溶液中大分子动力学的工作都集中在柔性卷曲聚合物上。对表现出显著刚性的线形聚合物链所做的工作较少。本文综述了刚性和半刚性棒状大分子在溶液中的动力学研究进展。我们强调布朗运动，并包括对平移、旋转和大规模分子内运动的工作的回顾。我们既不讨论这些链中的局部运动，也不讨论溶液理论。许多生物大分子是刚性或半刚性的棒状分子。蛋白质，如胶原蛋白、血影蛋白、微管蛋白、肌球蛋白、肌动蛋白和角蛋白，都是刚性或半刚性的棒状结构。它们的僵硬和松弛行为是其生物学功能所必需的。其他例子包括多糖，如纤维素和黄原胶。Xan-
Macromolecules in solution exhibit a variety of complex translational, rotational, and bending motions. Measurement of the relaxation time constants associated with such motions is important for characterizing the molecules and for predicting and understandingtheir macroscopic behavior iln both solution and bulk. In addition, Such systems provide a testing ground for fundamental statistical mechanical theories of liquids that exhibit relaxation behavior over multiple time scale ranges (complex liquids). Most work on the dynamics of macromolecules in solution has centered on flexible coil polymers. Less work has been performed on linear polymer chains, which exhibit significant rigidity. This article reviews recent work on the dynamics of rigid and semirigid rodlike macromolecules in solution. We emphasize the Brownian motion and include reviews of work on the translational, rotational, and large-scale intramolecular motion. We discuss neither local motions in these chains nor the solution theology.Many biological macromolecules are rigid or semirigid rodlike molecules. Proteins, such as collagen, spectrin, tubulin, myosin, actin, and keratin, are all rigid or semirigid rodlike structures. Their rigidity and relaxation behavior are essential for their biological functions. Other examples include polysaccharides, such as cellulose and xanthan gum. Xan-