In search of floating algae and other organisms in global oceans and lakes
In search of floating algae and other organisms in global oceans and lakes
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在全球海洋和湖泊中寻找漂浮的藻类和其他生物
DOI：
10.1016/j.rse.2020.111659
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发表时间：
2020-03
影响因子：
13.5
通讯作者：
Lin Qi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lin Qi
在地球仪的许多特定区域，已经报道了表面漂浮的大型藻类、微藻类和其他海洋和淡水生物。然而，在全球广阔的海洋和湖泊中识别类似的情况或其他类型的漂浮生物或材料在技术上具有挑战性。在这项研究中，我们通过结合全球范围内，375米分辨率的假彩色红绿蓝（FRGB）图像从可见光红外成像辐射计套件（VIIRS）在NOAA的在线海洋颜色查看器（OCView）的目视检查和数据从其他几个卫星传感器的光谱诊断。在FRGB图像中，近红外（NIR）波段（862 nm）被用作绿色通道，其对水面上的浮游藻类和生物体/材料敏感。对2018年1月至2019年10月的FRGB VIIRS每日图像进行目视检查，发现许多海洋区域和湖泊中出现了各种不同颜色的浮油。结合准同步Sentinel-3A/3B海洋和陆地颜色仪（OLCI）的光谱诊断和其他更高空间分辨率的卫星数据以及当地海洋学/湖沼学的知识，这些细长或弥漫的图像特征中的大多数可以被识别为石莼、马尾藻、夜光藻、束毛藻、微囊藻、浮油或浮石筏。其中一些已查明的特征是在以前从未报告发生过此类事件的区域发现的。一些特征的类型未知，因为它们以前没有通过遥感报告过。在这种情况下，同期的科学文献和新闻报道以及光谱诊断允许做出有根据的推断。一个例子是2019年6月初至7月初缅因州北方湾、芬迪湾和新斯科舍省西南部的地表特征。FRGB图像特征的光谱形状指示缺少颜料的透明材料。对当地渔业海洋学的了解和频繁的新闻报道都表明，这些未知的图像特征可能是水母的聚集或盛开，在较小程度上，可能是海鞘。另一个例子是来自大盐湖，在那里的图像特征在南湾的湖泊被推测是由聚集的卤虫卵。一旦从实地观测中得到证实，这些发现可能是卫星遥感的一个里程碑，因为以前的遥感只能用来推断有利于水母或虾的海洋环境。除了这里提出的研究结果，本研究中的方法可以作为一个模板，以发现各种已知和未知类型的浮游藻类和生物/材料，以及定期监测和跟踪它们的分布和运动。
Surface floating macroalgae, microalgae, and other marine and freshwater organisms have been reported in many specific regions around the globe. However, it is technically challenging to identify similar occurrences, or other types of floating organisms or materials, within the vast global oceans and lakes. In this study, we address this challenge through combining global-scale, 375-m resolution false-colored Red-Green-Blue (FRGB) imagery from the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) in NOAA's online Ocean Color Viewer (OCView) for visual inspection and data from several other satellite sensors for spectral diagnostics. In the FRGB imagery, the near-infrared (NIR) band (862 nm) is used as the green channel, which is sensitive to floating algae and organisms/materials on the water surface. Visual inspection of the daily FRGB VIIRS imagery from January 2018 to October 2019 reveals the appearance of various slicks with different colors in many ocean regions and lakes. Combined with spectral diagnostics of the quasi-concurrent Sentinel-3A/3B Ocean and Land Colour Instrument (OLCI) and other higher spatial resolution satellite data as well as knowledge of local oceanography/limnology, most of these elongated or diffuse image features can be identified asUlva,Sargassum,Noctiluca,Trichodesmium,Microcystis, oil slicks, or pumice rafts. Some of these identified features are found in regions where such occurrences have never been reported before. Some features are of unknown type as they have not been reported previously from remote sensing. In such cases, contemporaneous scientific literature and news reports as well as spectral diagnostics allow for educated inferences to be made. One example is from surface features in the northern Gulf of Maine, Bay of Fundy, and Southwest of Nova Scotia between early June and early July of 2019. Spectral shapes of the FRGB image features indicate transparent materials lacking pigments. Knowledge of local fisheries oceanography and frequent news reports all suggest that these unknown image features may be aggregations or blooms of sea jellies and, to a lesser extent, salps. Another example is from the Great Salt Lake, where image features in the south arm of the lake are speculated to be caused by aggregations of brine shrimp eggs. Once confirmed from field sightings, these findings may represent a milestone in satellite remote sensing because previously remote sensing could only be used to infer oceanographic environments conducive to sea jellies or shrimps. In addition to the findings presented here, the approach in this study may serve as a template to discover various known and unknown types of floating algae and organisms/materials as well as to routinely monitor and track their distributions and movements.
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影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Q. Xing;Ruihong Guo;Lingling Wu;Deyu An;Ming Cong;S. Qin;Xuerong Li
通讯作者：
Q. Xing;Ruihong Guo;Lingling Wu;Deyu An;Ming Cong;S. Qin;Xuerong Li
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
Thom Nickell;K. Davidson;C. Fox;P. I. Miller;G. Hays
影响因子：
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作者：
C. Jackson;W. Alpers
通讯作者：
C. Jackson;W. Alpers
DOI：
10.1007/978-94-015-7977-3_17
发表时间：
1992
期刊：
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影响因子：
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作者：
M. Furnas
通讯作者：
M. Furnas
DOI：
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