Differential clock comparisons with a multiplexed optical lattice clock
Differential clock comparisons with a multiplexed optical lattice clock
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DOI：
10.1038/s41586-021-04344-y
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发表时间：
2021-09
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Xin Zheng;J. Dolde;V. Lochab;Brett Merriman;Haoran Li;S. Kolkowitz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Xin Zheng;J. Dolde;V. Lochab;Brett Merriman;Haoran Li;S. Kolkowitz
光学原子钟性能的快速发展推进了计时、计量和量子科学的前沿。尽管付出了相当大的努力，大多数光学钟的不稳定性仍然受到本机振荡器的限制，而不是原子本身。在这里，我们实现了一个“多路复用”的一维光晶格时钟，其中空间分辨的锶原子系综被困在同一个光晶格中，同时询问一个共享的时钟激光器和并行读出。在同步Ramsey询问系综对时，我们观察到原子-原子相干时间为26 s，比测量的原子-激光相干时间提高了270倍，证明了相对不稳定性（其中τ是平均时间），并在平均3.3 h后达到8.9 × 10− 20的相对统计不确定性。这些结果表明，涉及光学时钟比较的应用不需要受到本地振荡器的不稳定性的限制。我们进一步实现了一个小型化的时钟网络组成的6个原子系综和15个同时成对比较下面的相对不稳定性，并准备空间分辨，异构系综对所有四个稳定的锶同位素。这些结果为多路复用精确同位素位移测量，限制时钟系统学的空间分辨特性，基于时钟的引力波和暗物质探测器的开发，以及实验室中相对论的新测试铺平了道路。
Rapid progress in optical atomic clock performance has advanced the frontiers of timekeeping, metrology and quantum science, –. Despite considerable efforts, the instabilities of most optical clocks remain limited by the local oscillator rather than the atoms themselves,. Here we implement a ‘multiplexed’ one-dimensional optical lattice clock, in which spatially resolved strontium atom ensembles are trapped in the same optical lattice, interrogated simultaneously by a shared clock laser and read-out in parallel. In synchronous Ramsey interrogations of ensemble pairs we observe atom–atom coherence times of 26 s, a 270-fold improvement over the measured atom–laser coherence time, demonstrate a relative instability of(whereτis the averaging time) and reach a relative statistical uncertainty of 8.9 × 10−20after 3.3 h of averaging. These results demonstrate that applications involving optical clock comparisons need not be limited by the instability of the local oscillator. We further realize a miniaturized clock network consisting of 6 atomic ensembles and 15 simultaneous pairwise comparisons with relative instabilities below, and prepare spatially resolved, heterogeneous ensemble pairs of all four stable strontium isotopes. These results pave the way for multiplexed precision isotope shift measurements, spatially resolved characterization of limiting clock systematics, the development of clock-based gravitational wave and dark matter detectors, , , , , –and new tests of relativity in the lab, , –.