Spear height at harvest influences postharvest quality of asparagus (Asparagus officinalis)
Spear height at harvest influences postharvest quality of asparagus (Asparagus officinalis)
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收获时的矛高度影响芦笋（Asparagus officinalis）的采后品质
DOI：
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发表时间：
2001
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
W. Borst
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Lill;W. Borst
在24 h周期内收获的芦笋（Asparagus officinalis L.）的货架期在采后表现出明显的日变化规律，0200 h收获的芦笋在20°C下的货架期比1400 h收获的要长1.1天。对茎尖腐病的敏感性在白天似乎不随收获时间而波动，但明显受季节的影响。早季收获对茎尖腐病的敏感性较低，短矛（50毫米）比高矛（250毫米）更不敏感。高矛的可溶性碳水化合物含量较低，腋芽组织的比例比矮矛高得多。在花蕾发育过程中，组织损伤的最初迹象是在生殖组织崩溃的花蕾中观察到的。随着损伤程度的增加，首先是苞片，其次是营养芽和茎主干。微生物在受损组织表面生长。茎轴或髓组织中的淀粉粒在收获后1天内消失，但角质层中8个细胞内的淀粉粒在收获后5天内仍然存在。长品级芦笋的采后管理将比短品级更难，在凉爽条件下收获的芦笋比在温暖条件下收获的芦笋质量更高。
Abstract Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) spears harvested at intervals during a 24‐h cycle exhibited a clear diurnal pattern in postharvest shelf‐life, with spears harvested at 0200 h lasting 1.1 days longer at 20°C than spears harvested at 1400 h. Susceptibility to tip rot did not appear to fluctuate with harvest time during the day, but was clearly influenced by time of season. Early season harvests were less susceptible to tip rot, and short spears (50 mm) were less susceptible than tall spears (250 mm). Tall spears had lower levels of soluble carbohydrate, and much greater proportions of axillary bud tissue than short spears. First signs of tissue damage during tip rot development were observed in floral buds with collapse of the generative tissue. As damage increased, bracts, then vegetative buds, and the main stem axis were affected. Microbial growth developed on the surface of damaged tissue. Starch grains present in the stem axis or pith tissue disappeared within a day of harvest, but starch localised in a distinct band eight cells in from the cuticle remained until Day 5 after harvest. The postharvest management of longer grades of asparagus spears will be more difficult than shorter grades, and spears harvested in cool conditions will be higher quality than spears harvested in warm conditions.