The evolution of greater humoral immunity in females than males: implications for vaccine efficacy.
The evolution of greater humoral immunity in females than males: implications for vaccine efficacy.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cophys.2018.03.010
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发表时间：
2018-12
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Klein SL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fink AL;Klein SL
男性和女性对外来抗原和自身抗原的效应和记忆免疫反应不同。尤其是抗体反应（即体液免疫）的差异，是免疫学中最保守的性别差异之一。体液免疫中的某些性别差异贯穿一生，而其他差异仅在青春期后和生殖衰老之前才明显，这表明基因和激素都参与其中。重要的是，这些基于性别的体液免疫差异导致了对疫苗反应的差异，并可能解释了性别之间疫苗功效的一些差异。与男性相比，女性体液免疫的升高在系统发育上得到了很好的保存，这表明升高的抗体对于生殖成功具有适应性优势，包括将保护性抗体转移给后代。
Males and females differ in their effector and memory immune responses to foreign and self-antigens. The difference in antibody responses (i.e., humoral immunity), in particular, is one of the most well conserved sex differences in immunology. Certain sex differences in humoral immunity are present throughout life, whereas others are only apparent after puberty and prior to reproductive senescence, suggesting that both genes and hormones are involved. Importantly, these sex-based differences in humoral immunity contribute to variation in the responses to vaccines and may explain some disparities in vaccine efficacy between the sexes. Elevated humoral immunity in females compared with males is phylogenetically well conserved, suggesting an adaptive advantage of elevated antibody for reproductive success, including for the transfer of protective antibodies to offspring.