The cybernetics of "self": a theory of alcoholism.
The cybernetics of "self": a theory of alcoholism.
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“自我”的控制论：酗酒理论。
DOI：
10.1080/00332747.1971.11023653
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发表时间：
1971
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
G. Bateson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Bateson
这篇文章所基于的思想，可能对与酗酒者打交道的精神病学家或曾思考过控制论和系统论的含义的哲学家来说都是熟悉的。这里所能声称的论文的唯一新奇之处在于，认真地将这些思想作为论证的前提，并将来自两个过于独立的思想领域的常见思想汇集在一起。在第一个构思中，这篇文章计划对酗酒成瘾进行系统论研究，在这篇文章中，我将使用来自《匿名酗酒者》出版物的数据，该杂志在处理酗酒问题方面有着唯一的杰出记录。然而，很快就变得显而易见的是，戒酒协会的宗教观点和组织结构提出了系统论的极大兴趣，我的正确研究范围不仅应该包括酗酒的前提，还应该包括戒酒协会治疗它的系统的前提和戒酒协会组织的前提。我对A.A.的感激之情将贯穿始终--我希望我也尊重该组织，尤其是它的联合创始人比尔·W和鲍勃博士的非凡智慧。此外，我必须承认，我欠加州帕洛阿尔托退伍军人管理医院的一小部分酗酒患者的钱，我在1949-52年间与他们进行了大约两年的密集合作。值得一提的是，除了酗酒带来的痛苦外，这些人还带有其他诊断，主要是“精神分裂症”。有几个人是互助会的成员。我担心我根本帮不了他们。
The present essay is based upon ideas which are, perhaps all of them, familiar either to psychiatrists who have had dealings with alcoholics, or to philosophers who have thought about the implications of cybernetics and systems theory The only novelty which can be claimed for the thesis here offered derives from treating these ideas seriously as premises of argument and from the bringing together of commonplace ideas from two too-separate fields of thought. In its first conception, this essay was planned to be a systems-theoretic study of alcoholic addiction, in which I would use data from the publications of Alcoholics Anonymous, which has the only outstanding record of success in dealing with alcoholics. It soon became evident, however, that the religious views and the organizational structure of A. A. presented points of great interest to systems theory, and that the correct scope of my study should include not only the premises of alcoholism but also the premises of the A.A. system of treating it and the premises of A. A. organization. My debt to A.A. wili be evident throughout-also, I hope, my respect for that organization and especially for the extraordinary wisdom of its co-founders, Bill W. and Dr. Bob. In addition, I have to acknowledge a debt to a small sample of alcoholic patients with whom I worked intensively for about two years in 1949-52, in the Veterans Administration Hospital, Palo Alto, California. These men, it should be mentioned, carried other diagnosesmostly of “schizophrenia”-in addition to the pains of alcoholism. Several were members of A.A. I fear that I helped them not at all.