HIV and smoking: associated risks and prevention strategies.
HIV and smoking: associated risks and prevention strategies.
复制标题
DOI：
10.2147/hiv.s56952
复制
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lalanne GA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kariuki W;Manuel JI;Kariuki N;Tuchman E;O'Neal J;Lalanne GA
艾滋病毒携带者的高吸烟率可能会降低艾滋病毒治疗的有效性，并导致严重的发病率和死亡率。与PLWH中吸烟相关的因素包括精神健康合并症、酒精和药物使用、与健康相关的生活质量、在社交网络和支持中吸烟以及缺乏获得护理的机会。PLWH吸烟者患许多艾滋病毒相关感染和非艾滋病毒相关疾病的风险更高，包括对抗逆转录病毒治疗的反应减弱、免疫功能受损、认知功能下降、肺功能下降和心血管疾病。确定了17项戒烟干预措施，其中7项是随机对照试验。最有效的研究结合了行为疗法和药物疗法，包括全面评估、多次治疗以及认知-行为和动机策略。为不同样本的独特需要量身定做的戒烟干预措施，并纳入降低复发风险的战略，对于提高PLWH的健康结果至关重要。
High rates of smoking among persons living with HIV (PLWH) may reduce the effectiveness of HIV treatment and contribute to significant morbidity and mortality. Factors associated with smoking in PLWH include mental health comorbidity, alcohol and drug use, health-related quality of life, smoking among social networks and supports, and lack of access to care. PLWH smokers are at a higher risk of numerous HIV-associated infections and non-HIV related morbidity, including a decreased response to antiretroviral treatment, impaired immune functioning, reduced cognitive functioning, decreased lung functioning, and cardiovascular disease. Seventeen smoking cessation interventions were identified, of which seven were randomized controlled trials. The most effective studies combined behavioral and pharmacotherapy treatments that incorporated comprehensive assessments, multiple sessions, and cognitive-behavioral and motivational strategies. Smoking cessation interventions that are tailored to the unique needs of diverse samples and incorporate strategies to reduce the risk of relapse are essential to advancing health outcomes in PLWH.