This Is Not a Drill: Anxiety on Twitter Following the 2018 Hawai False Missile Alert
This Is Not a Drill: Anxiety on Twitter Following the 2018 Hawai False Missile Alert
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DOI：
10.1037/amp0000495
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发表时间：
2020-07-01
影响因子：
16.4
通讯作者：
Silver, Roxane Cohen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jones, Nickolas M.;Silver, Roxane Cohen
关于公共安全危险威胁的应急管理警报的准确性是保护生命和财产的关键。即将发生的威胁警报被认为是真实的、无法控制且无法逃脱的。接收它们的人经常经历恐惧和焦虑，特别是当他们等待威胁的到来时（即，威胁的潜伏期）。然而，当警报被证明是假警报时，后果是什么？我们研究了心理反应（即。焦虑）到2018年夏威夷虚假弹道导弹警报，使用全州用户的Twitter数据（120万条推文，14.830名用户）在事件发生前6周和事件发生后18天。我们证明，在Twitter上表达的焦虑增加了4.6%的假警报和焦虑在38分钟的警报期间增加了3.4%，每15分钟。此外，用户表示低，中，高预警前焦虑表现出差异的焦虑反应postalert，差异的稳定间隔（当焦虑停止下降后，所有清除）。以及相对于预警前水平的不同预警后基线。低prealert焦虑的用户表示更多的焦虑，在发病的警报和更长的时间相对于其他群体。此外，焦虑在警戒后至少7天内仍然升高。总的来说，研究结果表明，不可避免的危险威胁的错误警报会引发焦虑，而且这种焦虑在威胁消除后仍会持续。我们提供了几个建议，应急管理机构应该如何最好地与公众沟通后，虚假警报传输。
The accuracy of emergency management alerts about dangerous threats to public safety is key for the protection of life and property. When alerts of imminent threats are believed to be real, uncontrollable, and impossible to escape. people who receive them often experience fear and anxiety, especially as they await the threat's arrival (i.e., incubation of threat). However, what are the consequences when an alert turns out to be a false alarm? We explored psychological reactions (i.e.. anxiety) to the 2018 Hawaii false ballistic missile alert using Twitter data from users across the state (1.2 million tweets, 14.830 users) 6 weeks before and 18 days after the event. We demonstrated that anxiety expressed on Twitter increased 4.6% on the day of the false alert and anxiety during the 38-min alert period increased 3.4% every 15 min. In addition, users who expressed either low, medium, or high prealert anxiety exhibited differential anxiety responses postalert, differential stabilization intervals (when anxiety stopped decreasing after the all-clear). and different postalert baselines relative to their prealert levels. Low prealert anxiety users expressed more anxiety at the onset of the alert and for longer relative to other groups. Moreover, anxiety remained elevated for at least 7 days postalert. Taken together, findings suggest that false alarms of inescapable and dangerous threats are anxiety-provoking and that this anxiety can persist for many people after the threat is dispelled. We offer several recommendations for how emergency management agencies should best communicate with the public after false alerts are transmitted.