Making a place in the metropolis: Locational attainment in cities and suburbs
Making a place in the metropolis: Locational attainment in cities and suburbs
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DOI：
10.2307/2061779
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发表时间：
1996-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Fisher, B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Logan, JR;Alba, RD;Fisher, B
是什么导致了大都市内不同种族和族裔群体成员居住的社区类型存在差异？社会经济进步和文化适应是否为少数群体成员提供了与白人更好的融合或进入更理想的地点的机会？这些影响对亚洲人或西班牙裔人与黑人相同吗？郊区化是否为住房市场的更大平等迈出了一步，或者少数族裔是否在郊区住房市场中发现了更大的歧视？ 1980 年五个大都市地区的数据被用来估计“位置获得模型”，该模型评估群体成员的个人属性对其生活环境特征的两个衡量标准的影响：他们居住的人口普查区的社会经济地位（家庭收入中位数）和种族构成（非西班牙裔白人的比例）。不同的模型预测了白人、黑人、西班牙裔和亚洲人的这些结果。除去个人背景特征的影响，白人生活在白人居民平均比例最高、家庭收入中位数最高的人口普查区域。其次是亚洲人和西班牙裔，以及水平低得多的黑人。城市和郊区之间存在巨大的总体差异，但郊区白人和其他人之间的差距始终低于这五个大都市区的城市。
What accounts for the differences in the kinds of communities within the metropolis in which members of different racial and ethnic groups live? Do socioeconomic advancement and acculturation provide greater integration with whites or access to more desirable locations for minority group members? Are these effects the same for Asians or Hispanics as for blacks? Does suburbanization offer a step toward greater equality in the housing market, or do minorities find greater discrimination in the suburban housing market? Data from 1980 for five large metropolitan regions are used to estimate ''locational-attainment models,'' which evaluate the effects of group members' individual attributes on two measures of the character of their living environment: the socioeconomic standing (median household income) and racial composition (proportion non Hispanic white) of the census tract where they reside. Separate models predict these outcomes for whites, blacks, Hispanics, and Asians. Net of the effects of individuals' background characteristics, whites live in census tracts with the highest average proportion of white residents and the highest median household income. They are followed by Asians and Hispanics, and-at substantially lower levels-blacks. Large overall differences exist between city and suburban locations, yet the gap between whites and others is consistently lower in the suburbs than in the cities of these five metropolitan regions.