Enrichment of the thymoquinone content in volatile oil from Saturejia montana using supercritical fluid extraction
Enrichment of the thymoquinone content in volatile oil from Saturejia montana using supercritical fluid extraction
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DOI：
10.1002/jssc.200800490
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Palavra, Antonio M. F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grosso, Clara;Figueiredo, Ana Cristina;Palavra, Antonio M. F.
在不同压力（90 和 100 bar）、温度（40 和 50°C）、平均粒径（0.4、0.6 和 0.8 mm）以及 CO2 流量（0.8、1.1 和 1.3 kg/h）条件下对 Satureja montana L. 挥发油进行超临界流体萃取 (SEE)，以了解这些参数对该油的成分和产量的影响。将结果与通过水蒸馏 (HD) 分离的精油获得的结果进行比较。通过GC和GC-MS分析挥发物和精油。主要化合物为香芹酚（HD 为 52.2-62.0%，SFE 为 41.7-64.5%）、百里香酚（HD 为 8.6-11.0%，SFE 为 6.0-11.3%）、对伞花烃（HD 为 6.9-12.8%，SEE 为 6.0-17.8%）、γ-萜品烯（HD 为 6.4-9.4%，SEE 为 2.3-6.0%）和对红没药烯（HD 为 2.0-2.7%，SFE 为 2.2-3.5%）。 SFE 和 HD 之间的主要区别在于百里醌的相对含量，百里醌是一种具有重要生物活性的氧化单萜，挥发油中的百里醌含量可高出十倍（SEE 为 1.6-3.0，HD 为 0.2%）。还通过 SEM 评估了 S. montana 腺毛的形态以及研磨过程对其的影响。
Supercritical fluid extraction (SEE) of the volatile oil from Satureja montana L. was performed under different conditions of pressure (90 and 100 bar), temperature (40 and 50 degrees C), mean particle sizes (0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 mm) and CO2 flow rate (0.8, 1.1 and 1.3 kg/h) to understand the influence of these parameters on the composition and yield of this oil. The results were compared with those obtained for the essential oil isolated by hydrodistillation (HD). The volatile and the essential oil were analysed by GC and GC-MS. The main compounds are carvacrol (52.2-62.0% for HD vs. 41.7-64.5% for SFE), thymol (8.6-11.0% for HD vs. 6.0-11.3% for SFE), p-cymene (6.9-12.8% for HD vs. 6.0-17.8% for SEE), gamma-terpinene (6.4-9.4% for HD vs. 2.3-6.0% for SEE) and P-bisabolene (2.0-2.7% for HD vs. 2.2-3.5% for SFE). The major difference between SFE and HD was the relative amount of thymoquinone, an oxygenated monoterpene with important biological activities, which can be ten-fold higher in volatile oil (1.6-3.0 for SEE vs. 0.2% for HD). The morphology of the glandular trichomes of S. montana and the effect of the grinding process on them was also evaluated by SEM.