Botryocladius gen.n.:: a new transantarctic genus of orthocladiine midge (Diptera: Chironomidae)
Botryocladius gen.n.:: a new transantarctic genus of orthocladiine midge (Diptera: Chironomidae)
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1365-3113.1999.00082.x
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发表时间：
1999-10-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Edward, DHD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cranston, PS;Edward, DHD
正摇摇蚊科的一个新属。 Botryocladius（产自澳大利亚东部的模式种 B.graeth sp.n.）在所有生活史阶段都有描述和说明。所有 13 个纳入物种均被描述为新物种，其中 6 个来自澳大利亚东部（B.graveth、B. brindabella、B、mdfrc、B. collessi、B. tasmania、B. australoalpinus），两个来自西澳大利亚（B. bibulmun 和 B. freemani），一个来自澳大利亚的短暂溪流（B. petrophilus），四个来自巴塔哥尼亚阿根廷和智利（B. edwardsi、B. australoalpinus）。 glacialis、B. mapuche 和 B. tronador）。所有澳大利亚物种都至少来自蛹蜕，大部分来自成年雄性，还有一些来自幼虫。相比之下，在新热带物种中，只有 B. edwardsi 的成年雄性是已知的。所有其他的都是从蛹蜕皮中描述的。未成熟阶段在澳大利亚永久和临时溪流以及巴塔哥尼亚冰川溪流和河流中处于激流状态，在新热带冰川供水和澳大利亚亚高山湖泊中处于静默阶段。 Botryocladius 似乎属于以来自澳大利亚的两个未正式描述的类群为中心的类群。该属明显表现出在南美和澳大利亚分类群之间至少有两个姐妹群关系的替代分布，为该分支提供了 38 Ma 的最小年代，而新西兰显然不存在，表明最大年代为 80 Ma。
A new genus of orthocladiine Chironomidae. Botryocladius (type species B. grapeth sp.n. from eastern Australia) is described and illustrated in all life history stages. All thirteen included species are described as new, six from eastern Australia (B. grapeth, B. brindabella, B, mdfrc, B. collessi, B. tasmania, B. australoalpinus), two from Western Australia (B. bibulmun and B. freemani), one from ephemeral streams in Australia (B. petrophilus) and four from Patagonian Argentina and Chile (B. edwardsi, B. glacialis, B. mapuche and B. tronador). All Australian species are known from at least pupal exuviae, most from adult males and several from larvae. In contrast, only B. edwardsi amongst Neotropical species is known from the adult male; all others are described from pupal exuviae. The immature stages are lotic in Australian permanent and temporary streams and Patagonian glacial streams and rivers, and lentic in Neotropical glacial-fed and Australian subalpine lakes. Botryocladius appears to belong with a grouping centred on two formally undescribed taxa from Australia. The genus evidently demonstrates a vicariant distribution with at least two sister-group relationships between South American and Australian taxa, providing a minimum dating for the clade of 38 Ma., with apparent absence from New Zealand indicating a maximum date of 80 Ma.