Trust Thy Crooked Neighbor
Trust Thy Crooked Neighbor
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相信你不诚实的邻居
DOI：
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发表时间：
2016
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Papachristos
中科院分区：
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作者：
Chris M. Smith;A. Papachristos
有组织犯罪的官僚主义和世袭理论往往忽视犯罪集团融入合法社会并与其组织的历史和流动性。当一对行为者之间存在一种以上类型的关系时，多元化的网络属性为分析看似不同的社会领域的重叠关系提供了理论和经验上的途径。利用芝加哥有组织犯罪的历史案例和一个由5000多页档案文件编码的独特关系数据库，我们绘制了走私者、政客、工会成员、商人、家人和朋友之间的多重关系网络。我们分析了犯罪、个人和合法网络的重叠，这些网络包含1030个人和他们之间的3726个相互二元体。在这些数据中，多重性很少见：只有10%的相互二元体包含多重链。然而，二元指数随机图模型的结果表明，多重性是将这三个网络联系在一起的相关结构属性。即使在我们的罪犯样本中，我们也发现犯罪和个人网络与犯罪和合法网络之间存在依赖关系。尽管不是无处不在，但多元化将这些有组织犯罪的世界粘合在一起，超越了著名黑帮分子的个性、种族同质性和其他内生的网络过程。
Bureaucratic and patrimonial theories of organized crime tend to miss the history and mobility of crime groups integrating into and organizing with legitimate society. The network property of multiplexity—when more than one type of relationship exists between a pair of actors—offers a theoretical and empirical inroad to analyzing overlapping relationships of seemingly disparate social spheres. Using the historical case of organized crime in Chicago and a unique relational database coded from more than 5,000 pages of archival documents, we map the web of multiplex relationships among bootleggers, politicians, union members, businessmen, families, and friends. We analyze the overlap of criminal, personal, and legitimate networks containing 1,030 individuals and 3,726 mutual dyads between them. Multiplexity is rare in these data: only 10 percent of the mutual dyads contain multiplex ties. However, results from bivariate exponential random graph models demonstrate that multiplexity is a relevant structural property binding the three networks together. Even among our sample of criminals, we find dependencies between the criminal and personal networks and the criminal and legitimate networks. Although not pervasive, multiplexity glued these worlds of organized crime together above and beyond the personalities of famous gangsters, ethnic homophily, and other endogenous network processes.