Parasympathetic non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic mechanisms in salivary glands and their role in reflex secretion.
Parasympathetic non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic mechanisms in salivary glands and their role in reflex secretion.
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唾液腺中的副交感非肾上腺素能、非胆碱能机制及其在反射性分泌中的作用。
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
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通讯作者：
G. Tobin
中科院分区：
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作者：
Jörgen Ekström;A. Asztély;G. Tobin
副交感神经阿托品抵抗性血管扩张是唾液腺的一种众所周知的现象。鲜为人知的事实是，对副交感神经刺激也存在阿托品抗性分泌反应：一些腺体分泌唾液，尽管速度降低，而另一些腺体只是释放蛋白质和腺泡分泌颗粒。许多多肽，包括血管活性肠肽（VIP）和P物质，可能参与所谓的非肾上腺素能、非胆碱能（NANC）传递副交感神经分泌冲动。我们在此报告了一系列实验，在这些实验中，我们发现这些nnc -机制在反射分泌过程中被动员起来。形态计量学评估的腺泡颗粒的损失和腺体淀粉酶活性的降低表明，在阿托品和肾上腺素能受体拮抗剂存在的情况下，有意识的大鼠腮腺分泌活性对食物摄入的反应。根据这些指标判断，NANC机制可能负责整个副交感神经反应，因此，在没有拮抗剂的情况下，NANC机制负责大部分显着反应。此外，NANC机制的反射动员依赖于咀嚼而不是味觉，并涉及VIP和p物质的释放。研究结果支持了这些机制的生理作用，并支持了在正常情况下，NANC机制与胆碱能和肾上腺素能机制协同作用，对传入刺激产生最有目的的分泌反射反应的观点。
Parasympathetic atropine-resistant vasodilatation is a well-known phenomenon in salivary glands. Less well known is the fact that there also exists an atropine-resistant secretory response to parasympathetic stimulation: some glands secrete saliva, albeit at a reduced rate, whereas others just release protein and acinar secretory granules. A number of peptides, including vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and substance P, are likely to be involved in the so called non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (NANC) transmission of the parasympathetic secretory impulses. We here report a series of experiments where we have found these NANC-mechanisms to be mobilized during reflex secretion. Loss of acinar granules, morphometrically assessed, and reduction in glandular amylase activity indicated secretory activity in the parotid gland of the conscious rat, in the presence of atropine and adrenoceptor antagonists, in response to food intake. As judged by these indices, the NANC mechanisms were potentially responsible for the whole parasympathetic response and, thus, for the major part of the marked response in the absence of the antagonists. Furthermore, the reflex mobilization of the NANC mechanisms depended on mastication rather than on taste, and involved the release of VIP and substance P. The results presented give weight to a physiological role for these mechanisms, and support the idea that, under normal conditions, the NANC mechanisms act in concert with cholinergic and adrenergic mechanisms to generate the most purposeful secretory reflex response to the afferent stimulation.