Ancestral State Reconstruction Using BayesTraits.
Ancestral State Reconstruction Using BayesTraits.
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-0716-2691-7_12
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发表时间：
2022-01-01
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Pagel, Mark
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文献类型：
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作者：
Meade, Andrew;Pagel, Mark
化石记录是灭绝物种特征的最佳证据，但只有一小部分特征能够石化或在石化过程中幸存下来。由于缺乏化石或其他有关过去的证据，祖先的状态是可以重建的。重建祖先状态时结合了三条信息：现有或已知的特征值（数据）；进化历史，将感兴趣的物种联系起来（系统发育）；以及性状变化的进化模型。考虑到特征在物种之间的分布、它们之间的关系以及我们的进化模型，这些重建的祖先状态可以解释为我们对进化路线的最佳猜测。由于我们用来重建过去的信息通常无法准确无误地得知，因此在重建祖先状态时应考虑到其真实值的不确定性。在本章中，我们描述如何使用 BayesTraits 软件中实现的贝叶斯框架来重建祖先状态，以解释系统发育树和进化模型中的不确定性。
The fossil record is the best evidence of the characteristics of extinct species, but only a narrow range of traits fossilize or survive the fossilization process. Lacking fossil or other evidence about the past, ancestral states can be reconstructed. Three pieces of information are combined when reconstructing ancestral states: extant or known trait values (data); the evolutionary history, linking the species of interest (phylogeny); and the evolutionary model of trait change. These reconstructed ancestral states can be interpreted as our best guess as to the route evolution took, given the distribution of the trait across species, the relationships among them, and our model of evolution. Because the information we use to reconstruct the past is often not known without error, uncertainty about their true values should be accounted for when reconstructing ancestral states. In this chapter we describe how ancestral states can be reconstructed using a Bayesian framework implemented in the software BayesTraits to account for uncertainty in the phylogenetic tree and the model of evolution.