Differences in Racial Disparities in Firearm Homicide across Cities: The Role of Racial Residential Segregation and Gaps in Structural Disadvantage
Differences in Racial Disparities in Firearm Homicide across Cities: The Role of Racial Residential Segregation and Gaps in Structural Disadvantage
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jnma.2020.05.014
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发表时间：
2020-10-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Siegel, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wong, Brooke;Bernstein, Serena;Siegel, Michael
背景/目的：在城市层面，关于枪支杀人案中的种族差异的研究很少。在本研究中，我们明确地对2000年至2017年美国275个城市中黑人和白人人口之间杀人率差距的趋势进行建模。
方法：我们使用潜在轨迹分析和潜在多轨迹分析来识别在以下方面随时间具有相似趋势的不同城市群体：（a）黑人和白人的枪支杀人率；（b）黑人与白人枪支杀人率的比率。我们使用分层随机效应模型来研究种族隔离以及结构性不利因素中的种族差距对每个城市枪支杀人案中种族差异程度的影响。
结果：我们发现种族居住隔离预示着城市之间在枪支杀人率的种族差异程度上存在差异。
结论：减少枪支杀人案中的种族差异可能需要专门解决种族隔离不良后果的项目和政策。
Background/Purpose: Little research has characterized racial differences in firearm homicide at the city level. In this study, we explicitly model trends from 2000 to 2017 in the gap in homicide rates between the Black and White populations of 275 U.S. cities.Methods: We used latent trajectory analysis and latent multi-trajectory analysis to identify distinct groups of cities with similar trends over time in: (a) Black and White firearm homicide rates; and (b) the ratio of the Black to White firearm homicide rates. We used a hierarchical, random effects model to examine the impact of racial segregation and racial gaps in structural disadvantage on the extent of the racial disparity in firearm homicide in each city.Results: We found that racial residential segregation predicts differences between cities in the magnitude of racial disparities in firearm homicide rates.Conclusion: Reducing racial disparities in firearm homicide may require programs and policies that specifically address the adverse consequences of racial segregation.